A nurse caring for a child who has asthma and a prescription for montelukast granules. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client's parents on administering the medication?

Give the medication in the morning daily.

Administer the medication 2 hours before exercise

Administer the granules mixed with 20 ounces of water

Give the medication at the onset of wheezing

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Give the medication in the morning daily. Montelukast (a leukotriene receptor antagonist) is given once daily in the evening for long-term asthma control. If prescribed for allergic rhinitis, it can be given in the morning.

B. Administer the medication 2 hours before exercise. Montelukast is not a rescue medication but a maintenance drug. However, it can be prescribed for exercise-induced bronchospasm and is taken at least 2 hours before exercise when used for that purpose.

C. Administer the granules mixed with 20 ounces of water. Montelukast granules should be mixed with a small amount of soft food (e.g., applesauce, mashed carrots) or breast milk/formula but not a large volume of liquid.

D. Give the medication at the onset of wheezing. Montelukast is not a quick-relief medication and does not work immediately. Short-acting bronchodilators (e.g., albuterol) should be used for acute wheezing.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. 4, 3, 2, 1 (Pulmonic → Tricuspid → Aortic → Mitral): This sequence incorrectly places the pulmonic valve first instead of the tricuspid.

B. 1, 3, 2, 4 (Mitral → Tricuspid → Aortic → Pulmonic): This sequence incorrectly starts with the mitral valve (left side of the heart), instead of the tricuspid (right side of the heart).

C. 3, 4, 1, 2 (Tricuspid → Pulmonic → Mitral → Aortic): Blood flow through heart valves follows this order:

Tricuspid Valve (Right atrium → Right ventricle)
Pulmonic Valve (Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs)
Mitral Valve (Left atrium → Left ventricle)
Aortic Valve (Left ventricle → Aorta → Body)

D. 2, 4, 1, 3 (Aortic → Pulmonic → Mitral → Tricuspid): This sequence incorrectly places the aortic valve first, which is incorrect for blood flow through the heart.

A. Reads and follows the health care provider's orders. B. Accepts one established way to provide care. C. Makes decisions based on intuition. D. Consider what is important in any given situation.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Reads and follows the health care provider's orders. While following provider orders is important, critical thinking requires assessing the situation and considering all relevant factors, rather than just following orders without analysis.

B. Accepts one established way to provide care. Critical thinking involves evaluating different approaches and adapting to individual patient needs rather than rigidly adhering to a single method.

C. Makes decisions based on intuition. While intuition can be helpful, evidence-based practice and clinical reasoning should guide decision-making, not just intuition alone.

D. Consider what is important in any given situation. Critical thinking involves analyzing the situation, prioritizing information, and making decisions based on what is most important for patient safety and care.

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A nurse caring for a child who has asthma and a prescription for montelukast granules. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client's parents on administering the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching the patient with mitral valve problems about the valves of the heart. Starting on the right side of the heart, describe the sequence of blood flow through these valves. 1. Mitral; 2. Aortic; 3. Tricuspid; 4. Pulmonic

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which action should the nurse take when using critical thinking to make clinical decisions?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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