A group of students at a university volunteered to participate in a study of attitudes about their personal safety.
The day before the study began, the nation experienced the 9/11 terrorism attacks. What statement is accurate regarding the event associated with this study?
The study should have been postponed for six months to distance the subjects from the 9/11 events.
The study subjects should have been instructed to disregard feelings about 9/11 when completing surveys.
The study should have been abandoned because the attacks of 9/11 compromised the study's reliability.
The authors should have reported the 9/11 events as a threat to the study's internal validity.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Postponing the study for six months would not necessarily resolve the impact of the 9/11 events on the study's participants. It may also introduce other confounding factors related to the delay.
Choice B rationale:
Instructing study subjects to disregard their feelings about 9/11 may not be feasible or effective, as traumatic events can have a lasting impact on individuals' psychological well-being and attitudes.
Choice C rationale:
Abandoning the study due to the 9/11 events may not be necessary, but it is essential to acknowledge and address the potential influence of external events on the study's internal validity.
Choice D rationale:
This is the correct answer. The authors should have reported the 9/11 events as a potential threat to the study's internal validity, as they could have introduced confounding variables or influenced the participants' responses. By acknowledging this, researchers can provide transparency about potential limitations and their efforts to control for them.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Biased findings best describe the outcome of recalculating statistical computations to align with the researcher's personal belief system. Bias occurs when the researcher consciously or unconsciously manipulates data or statistical analyses to support a particular viewpoint, leading to results that are not objective or impartial. In this scenario, the nurse-researcher's dissatisfaction with the initial results and the recalculated computations suggest a potential bias in favor of their personal beliefs.
Choice B rationale:
Theoretical differentiation is not an appropriate term for describing the outcome of recalculating statistical computations. The term refers to distinguishing between different theoretical concepts or ideas, not the manipulation of data.
Choice C rationale:
Non-parametric data analysis is a statistical approach used when data do not meet the assumptions of parametric tests, such as normal distribution. It does not describe the outcome of bias or manipulation in data analysis.
Choice D rationale:
Secondary analysis typically refers to the re-analysis of existing data for a different research question or purpose. It does not specifically address the issue of bias in data analysis, as described in the scenario.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Interviewing clients to determine if they remembered concepts taught preoperatively does not represent the first step in identifying previous research studies. It focuses on assessing the retention of teaching rather than reviewing existing literature.
Choice B rationale:
Reading full-text articles in nursing journals about designing client teaching sessions is valuable but not the first step in identifying previous research studies. It focuses on teaching session design rather than the literature review process.
Choice C rationale:
Asking orthopedic surgeons about topics to cover preoperatively with clients is a form of expert consultation but does not represent the first step in identifying previous research studies. It involves seeking expert input rather than reviewing existing literature.
Choice D rationale:
This is the correct answer. Reviewing research abstracts on preoperative teaching with a similar client population is typically the first step in conducting a literature review. It allows the nurse to identify relevant research studies that have investigated the effectiveness of preoperative teaching in a similar context.
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