A four-year-old patient has been diagnosed with leukemia. The patient's parents, who follow the Jehovah's Witness faith, inform the physician that they will not approve any type of blood transfusions. The pediatric nurse is aware that:

The patient can only receive blood that has been donated by family members.

Under no circumstances will the patient receive blood products.

In an emergency, a court order can be obtained for the patient to receive blood transfusions.

The patient can receive volume expanders.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The correct answer is: c. In an emergency, a court order can be obtained for the patient to receive blood transfusions.

Choice A: The patient can only receive blood that has been donated by family members.

Jehovah’s Witnesses refuse blood transfusions, including those from family members, due to their religious beliefs. They believe that both the Old and New Testaments command them to abstain from blood (Genesis 9:4; Leviticus 17:10; Deuteronomy 12:23; Acts 15:28, 29). Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Choice B: Under no circumstances will the patient receive blood products.

While Jehovah’s Witnesses generally refuse blood transfusions, there are exceptional circumstances where medical professionals can seek a court order to administer blood transfusions, especially in life-threatening situations involving minors. Thus, this statement is not entirely accurate.

Choice C: In an emergency, a court order can be obtained for the patient to receive blood transfusions.

In life-threatening emergencies, especially involving minors, courts can intervene and issue orders to administer necessary medical treatments, including blood transfusions, despite parental objections based on religious beliefs. This ensures the child’s right to life and health is protected. Therefore, this is the correct answer.

Choice D: The patient can receive volume expanders.

Volume expanders can be used to increase blood volume and maintain circulation, but they do not carry oxygen or replace lost blood cells. While they are an option for managing blood loss, they are not a substitute for blood transfusions in severe cases of anemia or blood loss, which are common in leukemia patients. Thus, this option is not entirely correct.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Fracturing a bone through the epiphyseal plate does not put a child at risk for developing Rheumatoid Arthritis, which is an autoimmune condition unrelated to such injuries.

Choice B reason: Permanent nerve damage is not a typical consequence of fracturing the epiphyseal plate, as this injury primarily affects bone growth.

Choice C reason: The epiphyseal plate, or growth plate, is responsible for the longitudinal growth of bones in children and adolescents. Damage to this area can disrupt normal bone growth.

Choice D reason: While severe damage to the epiphyseal plate can potentially halt growth in that bone, it is more common for the growth to be disrupted rather than completely prevented. The extent of the impact depends on the severity of the injury.

A. "Your son's respiratory rate is elevated, but the other vital signs are within the normal range." B. "Your son's heart rate is elevated, but the other vital signs are within the normal range." C. "Your son's blood pressure is elevated, but the other vital signs are within the normal range." D. "Your son's temperature is elevated, but the other vital signs are within the normal range."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is the correct choice. A respiratory rate of 48 is high for a 3-year-old, indicating that the croup is affecting his breathing.
Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect. A heart rate of 90 is within the normal range for a 3-year-old.
Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect. A blood pressure of 100/52 is within the normal range for a 3-year-old.
Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect. A temperature of 98.8°F (37.1°C) is within the normal range for a 3-year-old.

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A four-year-old patient has been diagnosed with leukemia. The patient's parents, who follow the Jehovah's Witness faith, inform the physician that they will not approve any type of blood transfusions. The pediatric nurse is aware that:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is the likely result of a child fracturing a bone through a portion of the epiphyseal plate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A 3-year-old admitted to the hospital with croup has the following vital signs: heart rate 90, respiratory rate 48, blood pressure 100/52, and temperature 98.8°F (37.1°C). The parents ask the nurse if these vital signs are normal. The nurse's best response is:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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