A client with diffuse axonal injury is experiencing difficulty with respiration, heart rate, blood pressure. Which region of the brain does the nurse suspect to be affected?

Cerebral motor cortex

Brain stem

Broca's area

Occipital lobe

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale: Cerebral motor cortex primarily controls voluntary movements, not autonomic functions like respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure.
Choice B rationale: The brain stem controls vital functions like respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure, so damage to this area can lead to difficulties in these functions.
Choice C rationale: Broca's area is responsible for speech production and is not directly involved in autonomic functions.
Choice D rationale: The occipital lobe is primarily associated with visual processing and perception, not autonomic functions like respiration or heart rate.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: The signs and symptoms of urinary catheter obstruction include hematuria with clots, bladder spasms, and a feeling of urinary urgency. The nurse should increase the rate of the continuous bladder irrigation to flush out the clots and relieve the obstruction. The nurse should also monitor the client's vital signs, fluid balance, and pain level. The other options are not consistent with the client's presentation.

Choice B rationale: Shock would cause hypotension, tachycardia, and decreased urine output.

Choice C rationale: Hyponatremia would cause confusion, weakness, and seizures.

Choice D rationale: Urinary tract infection would cause fever, chills, and foul-smelling urine.

A. candidiasis B. Chlamydia C. bacterial vaginosis D. trichomoniasis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: candidiasis - The described symptoms of inflammation, cottage

cheese-like discharge, and vaginal/vulvar inflammation are indicative of a yeast infection or candidiasis.

Choice B rationale: Chlamydia - Chlamydia often presents with different symptoms such as discharge, but it's not typically associated with a cottage cheese-like appearance.

Choice C rationale: bacterial vaginosis - Bacterial vaginosis typically presents with a different type of discharge, often described as "fishy" smelling, rather than a cottage cheese appearance.

Choice D rationale: trichomoniasis - Symptoms of trichomoniasis usually include frothy, malodorous discharge, not consistent with the described cottage cheese-like discharge.

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A client with diffuse axonal injury is experiencing difficulty with respiration, heart rate, blood pressure. Which region of the brain does the nurse suspect to be affected?

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