A client with diffuse axonal injury is experiencing difficulty with respiration, heart rate, blood pressure. Which region of the brain does the nurse suspect to be affected?

Cerebral motor cortex

Brain stem

Broca's area

Occipital lobe

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale: Cerebral motor cortex primarily controls voluntary movements, not autonomic functions like respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure.
Choice B rationale: The brain stem controls vital functions like respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure, so damage to this area can lead to difficulties in these functions.
Choice C rationale: Broca's area is responsible for speech production and is not directly involved in autonomic functions.
Choice D rationale: The occipital lobe is primarily associated with visual processing and perception, not autonomic functions like respiration or heart rate.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale: A calcium level of 8.6 mg/dL is within the normal range.

Choice B rationale: An elevated white blood cell count (WBC) of 19,000 mm3 indicates a potential infection or inflammatory process, requiring immediate attention, especially in a client receiving peritoneal dialysis.

Choice C rationale: A serum pH of 7.33 is within the normal range.

Choice D rationale: A hemoglobin level of 9 mg/dL might indicate anemia, but in a client receiving dialysis, it might not require immediate reporting unless it significantly drops further.

A. the patient must receive insulin therapy to prevent ketoacidosis B. the patient has islet cell antibodies that have destroyed the pancreas's ability to produce insulin C. the patient may have sufficient endogenous insulin to prevent ketosis but is at risk for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome D. the patient has minimal or absent endogenous insulin secretion and requires daily insulin injections

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale: The patient with type 2 diabetes admitted with pneumonia might not necessarily need insulin therapy to prevent ketoacidosis.

Choice B rationale: Type 2 diabetes doesn't typically involve islet cell antibodies destroying the pancreas's ability to produce insulin.

Choice C rationale: In this scenario, the patient might have enough endogenous insulin to prevent ketosis but could be at risk for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome due to illness-induced stress.

Choice D rationale: Type 2 diabetes often involves some degree of endogenous insulin secretion, and not all patients require daily insulin injections.

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A client with diffuse axonal injury is experiencing difficulty with respiration, heart rate, blood pressure. Which region of the brain does the nurse suspect to be affected?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a client receiving peritoneal dialysis. Which laboratory result should immediately be reported to the primary healthcare provider (PHCP)?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which statement would be correct for a patient with type 2 diabetes who was admitted to the hospital with pneumonia?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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