A client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is receiving an IV infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride and insulin.
Two hours later, the client’s serum laboratory results show a decrease in the serum blood glucose from 580 to 430 mg/dL (32.2 to 23.86 mmol/L). What additional laboratory result is most important for the nurse to monitor?
Serum sodium.
Serum potassium.
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN).
Urine ketones.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
While monitoring serum sodium levels is important in a client with DKA, it is not the most critical. Hyperglycemia can lead to a state of effective osmotic diuresis, which can cause sodium depletion.
Choice B rationale
Serum potassium levels are crucial to monitor in a client with DKA3. Despite total body potassium depletion, serum potassium levels may be high or normal upon presentation due to acidosis and insulin deficiency. However, with insulin treatment, potassium will shift back into the cells, potentially leading to life-threatening hypokalemia.
Choice C rationale
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) might be elevated due to dehydration, but it is not the most critical lab value to monitor in the management of DKA3.
Choice D rationale
Urine ketones are not as important to monitor as serum potassium in DKA. The presence of ketones in urine only confirms that the body is breaking down fat, not the severity of DKA3.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Replacing the IV site with a smaller gauge is not the most appropriate intervention in this situation. The client’s confusion and picking at the dressing and tape are likely due to the dementia and increased confusion at night, known as “sundowning”. While a smaller gauge might be less noticeable to the client, it does not address the primary issue of the client’s confusion and restlessness at night.
Choice B rationale
Applying soft bilateral wrist restraints might be considered in some situations to prevent a confused client from removing necessary medical devices. However, restraints should be a last resort after all other interventions have been tried because they can increase agitation and confusion, and they pose a risk for injury.
Choice C rationale
Redressing the abdominal incision is the correct choice. The dressing is no longer occlusive, which means it’s not providing a proper barrier to bacteria. This could lead to an infection in the surgical site. The nurse should clean the area and apply a new sterile dressing.
Additionally, the nurse should continue to monitor the client’s behavior and implement interventions to reduce confusion and restlessness, such as reorienting the client and providing a quiet and calm environment.
Choice D rationale
Leaving the lights on in the room at night can actually increase confusion and agitation in clients with dementia. It can disrupt the client’s sleep-wake cycle and make “sundowning” worse. Therefore, this is not the most appropriate intervention.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While it is essential to assess how the client copes with auditory hallucinations, asking this question alone does not provide specific information about the content of the hallucinations.
Choice B rationale
The timing of the voices can provide some insight into the triggers or patterns of the hallucinations, but it does not directly address the content or potential impact of the hallucinations on the client’s behavior or mental state.
Choice C rationale
While medication efficacy is an important aspect of managing schizophrenia, it does not directly address the current experience of the client’s hallucinations.
Choice D rationale
Understanding what the voices are saying to the client can provide critical information about potential risks, including self-harm or harm to others, and can guide the treatment plan. This is why it is the most important question for the nurse to include in the client’s assessment.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.
