The nurse is about to administer a histamine 2-receptor antagonist to a patient with peptic ulcer disease. What is the primary purpose of this class of medication?
It reduces the amount of HCl secreted by the parietal cells in the stomach.
It destroys the microorganisms causing inflammation in the stomach.
It neutralizes hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach.
It inhibits the action of acetylcholine by blocking parasympathetic nerve endings.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Histamine H2-receptor antagonists, also known as H2 blockers, are medications that help reduce the production of gastric acid. They achieve this by blocking H2 receptors in the parietal cells of the stomach, which are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid (HCl)12. This reduction in acid secretion can help treat conditions such as peptic ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, which are all conditions that can be exacerbated by excessive stomach acid.
Choice B rationale
While H2 blockers do help manage the symptoms of peptic ulcer disease, they do not directly destroy the microorganisms causing inflammation in the stomach. The primary cause of peptic ulcers is a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori, and the treatment for an H. pylori infection typically involves a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors, not H2 blockers.
Choice C rationale
H2 blockers do not neutralize hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach. Instead, they work by reducing the amount of acid produced by the stomach. Antacids, not H2 blockers, are the class of drugs that work by neutralizing stomach acid.
Choice D rationale
H2 blockers do not inhibit the action of acetylcholine by blocking parasympathetic nerve endings. Anticholinergic medications are the ones that work by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that transmits signals in the nervous system.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Sudden onset of confusion in an older adult could be a sign of a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs can cause delirium and behavioral changes in older adults. Therefore, asking if the client is experiencing any pain with urination could help identify a potential UTI.
Choice B rationale
While high protein foods are generally beneficial for health, there is no direct link between increased intake of high protein foods and sudden onset of confusion. Therefore, this option is not the most appropriate action in this situation.
Choice C rationale
Reviewing the client’s current food and medication allergies is always important in healthcare settings. However, it may not directly address the sudden onset of confusion unless the client has had a recent change in diet or medication that could have triggered an allergic reaction leading to confusion.
Choice D rationale
A recent fall could potentially cause a sudden change in mental status due to a head injury or other trauma. Therefore, determining if the client has recently experienced a fall is an appropriate action.
Choice E rationale
Fever can cause confusion, especially in older adults. Therefore, providing instruction on taking the client’s temperature can help the caregiver monitor for signs of infection that could be contributing to the client’s confusion.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While it’s true that phantom limb pain can be a normal post-surgical sensation, simply reassuring the patient doesn’t address the pain they’re experiencing.
Choice B rationale
Guiding in moving the unaffected limb to override the sensation being experienced is not a recommended intervention for phantom limb pain. Phantom limb pain is a complex phenomenon that is not simply overridden by movement of other body parts.
Choice C rationale
Explaining that the sensations of tingling and pain are not real may invalidate the patient’s experience. Phantom limb pain is a real phenomenon experienced by many amputees. It’s not just a sensation; it’s a type of neuropathic pain that can be severe and debilitating.
Choice D rationale
Affirming that a prosthetic with physical therapy will gradually improve the symptoms is the best non-pharmacological intervention among the choices. Physical therapy, including mirror therapy and other desensitization techniques, can help manage phantom limb pain. The use of a prosthetic can help the patient regain function and mobility, which can also improve their overall well-being and potentially reduce the perception of phantom limb pain.
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