The nurse is about to administer a histamine 2-receptor antagonist to a patient with peptic ulcer disease. What is the primary purpose of this class of medication?
It reduces the amount of HCl secreted by the parietal cells in the stomach.
It destroys the microorganisms causing inflammation in the stomach.
It neutralizes hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach.
It inhibits the action of acetylcholine by blocking parasympathetic nerve endings.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Histamine H2-receptor antagonists, also known as H2 blockers, are medications that help reduce the production of gastric acid. They achieve this by blocking H2 receptors in the parietal cells of the stomach, which are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid (HCl)12. This reduction in acid secretion can help treat conditions such as peptic ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, which are all conditions that can be exacerbated by excessive stomach acid.
Choice B rationale
While H2 blockers do help manage the symptoms of peptic ulcer disease, they do not directly destroy the microorganisms causing inflammation in the stomach. The primary cause of peptic ulcers is a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori, and the treatment for an H. pylori infection typically involves a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors, not H2 blockers.
Choice C rationale
H2 blockers do not neutralize hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach. Instead, they work by reducing the amount of acid produced by the stomach. Antacids, not H2 blockers, are the class of drugs that work by neutralizing stomach acid.
Choice D rationale
H2 blockers do not inhibit the action of acetylcholine by blocking parasympathetic nerve endings. Anticholinergic medications are the ones that work by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that transmits signals in the nervous system.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While avoiding exposure to large crowds can help prevent infections, especially for patients with compromised immune systems, it is not the most crucial information for a patient with liver damage due to an overdose of acetaminophen.
Choice B rationale
While emotional support is important for patients dealing with health issues, calling a crisis hotline if feeling lonely is not the most crucial information for a patient with liver damage due to an overdose of acetaminophen.
Choice C rationale
This is the most crucial information for the patient. Acetaminophen is found in many over-the- counter medications, and further intake could exacerbate liver damage.
Choice D rationale
While a balanced diet is important for overall health, following a high carbohydrate, low fat, low protein diet is not the most crucial information for a patient with liver damage due to an overdose of acetaminophen.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A firm crib mattress is crucial in reducing the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Soft surfaces can conform to the infant’s face and potentially block their airway, leading to suffocation.
Choice B rationale
Propping the infant with a pillow when in a side-lying position is not recommended as it increases the risk of SIDS. Infants should always be placed on their backs to sleep.
Choice C rationale
Swaddling the infant in a blanket for sleeping is not the most important measure to prevent SIDS. Overheating and loose bedding are risk factors for SIDS23.
Choice D rationale
Placing the infant in a prone position whenever possible is not recommended. Infants should always be placed on their backs to sleep to reduce the risk of SIDS23.
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