A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prescribed a low-potassium diet. Which food choice indicates to the nurse that the client understands the dietary restrictions?

Baked potato with skin.

Orange juice.

White rice.

Banana smoothie.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Baked potato with skin is high in potassium (about 900 mg), unsuitable for CKD, where impaired renal excretion risks hyperkalemia, causing cardiac arrhythmias. White rice is low-potassium, aligning with dietary restrictions, demonstrating understanding of the need to limit potassium intake in renal disease.

Choice B reason: Orange juice contains high potassium (about 500 mg per cup), dangerous in CKD, as reduced glomerular filtration increases hyperkalemia risk, affecting cardiac conduction. White rice, with minimal potassium, complies with restrictions, indicating the client’s understanding of safe dietary choices for kidney function.

Choice C reason: White rice is low in potassium (about 50 mg per cup), appropriate for CKD, where the kidneys cannot excrete excess potassium, risking hyperkalemia and arrhythmias. Choosing white rice shows the client understands the low-potassium diet, supporting safe management of renal disease and electrolyte balance.

Choice D reason: Banana smoothie is high in potassium (about 400 mg per banana), contraindicated in CKD, where hyperkalemia risks cardiac instability due to poor renal clearance. White rice, low in potassium, reflects dietary compliance, demonstrating the client’s understanding of restrictions to prevent electrolyte imbalances.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Strict bedrest is not indicated for urolithiasis, as movement may aid stone passage by shifting ureteral dynamics. Severe flank pain from ureteral obstruction causes muscle spasms. Straining urine collects stones for analysis, identifying composition to guide treatment, making bedrest less critical than addressing the stone.

Choice B reason: Limiting fluid intake is contraindicated, as high fluids promote urine flow, aiding stone passage and diluting urinary solutes like calcium. Pain results from obstruction, and straining urine identifies stone type. Fluid restriction increases stone formation risk, making this harmful and counterproductive to urolithiasis management.

Choice C reason: Straining all urine collects stones for analysis, determining composition (e.g., calcium oxalate) to guide dietary and pharmacological prevention. Severe flank pain from ureteral obstruction highlights the need for stone identification. This addresses the pathophysiological cause, enabling tailored interventions to prevent recurrence and manage acute symptoms.

Choice D reason: A high-calcium diet is inappropriate, as most kidney stones are calcium-based. Dietary calcium moderation, based on stone analysis from straining urine, prevents recurrence. Pain management requires stone identification, not increased calcium intake, which could exacerbate stone formation, making this counterproductive for urolithiasis.

A. “I should avoid activities that increase eye pressure, like heavy lifting.” B. “Glaucoma can lead to vision loss if not managed properly.” C. “Eye drops will cure my glaucoma and restore my vision.” D. “Regular eye exams are important to monitor my condition.”

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Avoiding heavy lifting is correct, as it increases intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma, damaging the optic nerve. This statement shows understanding, as limiting activities that elevate IOP protects retinal ganglion cells, reducing progression risk, aligning with proper glaucoma management strategies.

Choice B reason: Glaucoma can cause vision loss if untreated, as elevated IOP damages optic nerve fibers, leading to irreversible blindness. This statement reflects accurate understanding of the disease’s progressive nature, emphasizing the need for management to preserve vision, requiring no further teaching.

Choice C reason: Eye drops (e.g., timolol) reduce IOP but do not cure glaucoma or restore vision, as optic nerve damage is irreversible. This statement indicates misunderstanding, as glaucoma is chronic, requiring lifelong management to slow progression, necessitating further teaching to correct this misconception.

Choice D reason: Regular eye exams monitor IOP and optic nerve health in glaucoma, preventing progression. This statement shows understanding, as consistent follow-up detects changes in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, ensuring timely adjustments in therapy, aligning with effective disease management.

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A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prescribed a low-potassium diet. Which food choice indicates to the nurse that the client understands the dietary restrictions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client with urolithiasis who reports severe flank and abdominal pain. Which action should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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