A client with a history of hypertension and diagnosis of chronic renal disease asks a nurse how the disease occurred. The nurse should accurately respond to the client by making which statement?
"High blood pressure reduces renal blood flow and harms the kidney tissue, causing this diagnosis."
"Thickening of the kidney structures and gradual death of nephrons has caused this diagnosis."
"Cysts compress renal tissue, which destroys the kidneys, causing this diagnosis."
"Immune complexes form in the kidney tissue and produce inflammation, causing this diagnosis."
The Correct Answer is A
A. "High blood pressure reduces renal blood flow and harms the kidney tissue, causing this diagnosis." Chronic renal disease often develops as a complication of long-standing
hypertension. Persistent high blood pressure can damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys, reducing blood flow and causing kidney tissue damage over time.
B. "Thickening of the kidney structures and gradual death of nephrons has caused this diagnosis." This statement describes changes seen in conditions like diabetic nephropathy but is not specific to the development of renal disease in hypertension.
C. "Cysts compress renal tissue, which destroys the kidneys, causing this diagnosis." This statement describes the pathogenesis of polycystic kidney disease, not chronic renal disease due to hypertension.
D. "Immune complexes form in the kidney tissue and produce inflammation, causing this diagnosis." This statement describes the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis, not chronic renal disease due to hypertension.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Empty the drainage from the pleuravac at the end of each shift: This is not a standard practice. Chest tube drainage systems typically have a built-in mechanism to handle drainage, and monitoring and recording the output is essential.
B. Report serosanguinous drainage in the pleuravac: Serosanguinous drainage (a mix of blood and serous fluid) can be expected in a hemothorax, especially initially. Reporting is necessary if there are significant changes in the amount or type of drainage.
C. Milk the chest tube every 4 hours to dislodge clotted blood: Milking or stripping the chest tube is generally not recommended as it can create high negative pressures that can damage lung tissue.
D. Assist with coughing and deep breathing exercises every hour: Encouraging coughing and deep breathing helps prevent atelectasis and promotes lung expansion, which is crucial for recovery from a hemothorax.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Wheezing in all lung fields may indicate respiratory issues but does not directly support the diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume.
B. Pitting edema in bilateral lower extremities is a classic sign of fluid overload, which directly supports the diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume.
C. An oral fluid intake of 2000 mL in 24 hours is within normal limits for an adult and does not necessarily indicate Excess Fluid Volume without other symptoms.
D. Significant fatigue for more than one month could be related to a variety of conditions and is too nonspecific to support the diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume without additional assessment data.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.