A client with a family history of cardiac disease is seeking information to control risk factors. Which lifestyle modification is most important for the nurse to encourage?

Regular exercise.

Stress reduction.

Smoking cessation.

Low-fat diet.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A: Regular exercise is a good lifestyle modification, but it is not as important as smoking cessation. Exercise can help lower blood pressure, cholesterol, and weight, but it cannot reverse the damage caused by smoking.

Choice B: Stress reduction is a good lifestyle modification, but it is not as important as smoking cessation. Stress can trigger or worsen cardiac problems, but it cannot cause them as directly as smoking.

Choice C: Smoking cessation is the most important lifestyle modification because smoking is a major risk factor for cardiac disease. Smoking damages the blood vessels, increases blood pressure, reduces oxygen supply, and promotes clot formation.

Choice D: Low-fat diet is a good lifestyle modification, but it is not as important as smoking cessation. A low-fat diet can help lower cholesterol and prevent plaque buildup, but it cannot undo the effects of smoking.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason: This is correct because this response invites the client to express her feelings and thoughts without imposing any assumptions or judgments. It also conveys empathy and respect for the client's autonomy.

Choice B Reason: This is incorrect because this response makes an inference about the client's emotional state without validating it with her. It also may sound patronizing or pitying, which can hinder rapport.

Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because this response may be perceived as intrusive or prying, especially if the client is not ready or willing to share details about her personal relationship. It also may trigger negative emotions or memories that can worsen her mood.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because this response may be seen as superficial or irrelevant, especially if the client did not enjoy her visit or had a conflict with her significant other. It also may imply that the nurse is avoiding or dismissing the client's current feelings.

A. Palpate the suprapubic region for distention. B. Scan the client's bladder after voiding. C. Review the chart for number of voids over last 24 hours. D. Evaluate the client for urinary incontinence.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because palpating the suprapubic region for distention can be inaccurate and unreliable, as it can be affected by factors such as obesity, abdominal muscle tone, and bowel gas.

Choice B Reason: This is correct because scanning the client's bladder after voiding can measure the post-void residual urine volume, which indicates the amount of urine left in the bladder after urination. A high post-void residual urine volume can indicate urinary retention.

Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because reviewing the chart for number of voids over last 24 hours can provide information about the frequency of urination, but not the amount or completeness of urination.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because evaluating the client for urinary incontinence can assess the involuntary loss of urine, but not the ability to empty the bladder completely.

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A client with a family history of cardiac disease is seeking information to control risk factors. Which lifestyle modification is most important for the nurse to encourage?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A female client assigned to a mental health unit visits with her significant other during the evening. After the significant other leaves, the nurse notices that the client is more isolative and refuses to attend the evening group. Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client who is on complete bedrest frequently calls the nurse for the bedpan to urinate. Which action should the nurse take to evaluate the client for urinary retention?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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