A client with a family history of cardiac disease is seeking information to control risk factors. Which lifestyle modification is most important for the nurse to encourage?

Regular exercise.

Stress reduction.

Smoking cessation.

Low-fat diet.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A: Regular exercise is a good lifestyle modification, but it is not as important as smoking cessation. Exercise can help lower blood pressure, cholesterol, and weight, but it cannot reverse the damage caused by smoking.

Choice B: Stress reduction is a good lifestyle modification, but it is not as important as smoking cessation. Stress can trigger or worsen cardiac problems, but it cannot cause them as directly as smoking.

Choice C: Smoking cessation is the most important lifestyle modification because smoking is a major risk factor for cardiac disease. Smoking damages the blood vessels, increases blood pressure, reduces oxygen supply, and promotes clot formation.

Choice D: Low-fat diet is a good lifestyle modification, but it is not as important as smoking cessation. A low-fat diet can help lower cholesterol and prevent plaque buildup, but it cannot undo the effects of smoking.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Massaging the injection site can cause bruising and bleeding, and is not recommended for subcutaneous heparin injections.

Choice B Reason: Rotating injections between different body sites can increase the risk of hematoma formation and skin irritation, and is not advised for subcutaneous heparin injections.

Choice C Reason: Expelling the air in the prefilled syringe can result in a loss of medication dose, and is not necessary for subcutaneous heparin injections.

Choice D Reason: Injecting in the abdominal area at least 2 inches from the umbilicus is the correct technique for subcutaneous heparin injections, as it reduces the risk of injury to blood vessels and nerves, and ensures consistent absorption of the medication.

A. Instill 50 mL of normal saline solution into the tube and clamp the tube for one hour. B. Turn the suction off while allowing the client to rinse his mouth with cool water. C. Provide oral sponge toothettes so the client can cleanse and moisten his mouth. D. Teach the client that the oral mucosa must remain dry to prevent aspiration.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because instilling normal saline solution into the nasogastric tube can cause fluid overload, electrolyte imbalance, or aspiration. Clamping the tube for one hour can also increase the risk of aspiration and gastric distension.

Choice B Reason: This is incorrect because turning the suction off can cause gastric distension and discomfort. Rinsing the mouth with cool water can also increase the risk of aspiration if the client swallows some of the water.

Choice C Reason: This is correct because oral sponge toothettes are soft and gentle on the oral mucosa and can help moisten and cleanse the mouth without causing irritation or aspiration.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because teaching the client that the oral mucosa must remain dry is false and can lead to further dryness, cracking, bleeding, and infection. The oral mucosa should be kept moist and clean to prevent these complications.

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A client with a family history of cardiac disease is seeking information to control risk factors. Which lifestyle modification is most important for the nurse to encourage?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a client how to self-administer low-molecular-weight heparin subcutaneously. Which instruction should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A male client with a nasogastric tube connected to low intermittent suction tells the nurse that his mouth is very dry. Which action should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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