A client with a family history of cardiac disease is seeking information to control risk factors. Which lifestyle modification is most important for the nurse to encourage?

Smoking cessation.

Regular exercise.

Low-fat diet.

Stress reduction.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Smoking cessation is the most important lifestyle modification for the nurse to encourage. Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiac disease, as it increases blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen demand, and damages the blood vessels and the heart muscle. Quitting smoking can reduce the risk of cardiac disease by 50% within one year.

Choice B reason: Regular exercise is a beneficial lifestyle modification for the nurse to encourage, but not the most important one. Exercise can improve cardiovascular fitness, lower blood pressure, and reduce body weight, but it does not eliminate the harmful effects of smoking on the heart and blood vessels.

Choice C reason: A low-fat diet is a helpful lifestyle modification for the nurse to encourage, but not the most important one. A low-fat diet can lower cholesterol levels and prevent atherosclerosis, but it does not reverse the damage caused by smoking to the heart and blood vessels.

Choice D reason: Stress reduction is a useful lifestyle modification for the nurse to encourage, but not the most important one. Stress can trigger the release of hormones that increase blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen demand, and can also lead to unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, overeating, and alcohol abuse. However, stress reduction alone does not address the direct effects of smoking on the heart and blood vessels.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is the correct instruction as it ensures that the injection is given in a well-perfused area with minimal risk of injury to major blood vessels or organs. The umbilicus should be avoided as it may harbor bacteria or cause discomfort.

Choice B reason: This is an incorrect instruction as it may result in a loss of medication or inaccurate dosing. The air bubble in the prefilled syringe should be left intact as it helps to seal the medication in the subcutaneous tissue and prevent leakage.

Choice C reason: This is an incorrect instruction as it may cause irritation or inflammation of the injection sites. The gluteal area should be avoided as it has a higher risk of hitting a nerve or blood vessel. The abdomen is the preferred site for low-molecular-weight heparin injections.

Choice D reason: This is an incorrect instruction as it may increase the risk of bleeding or bruising. The injection site should not be massaged or rubbed as it may dislodge the clot or damage the tissue.

A. Request a family member to remain with the client. B. Obtain a staff member who is a bilingual interpreter. C. Use drawings that are universal for all cultures. D. Ask for the support of one of the client's friends.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Requesting a family member to remain with the client is not the best intervention to implement first. It may provide some emotional support, but it does not address the communication barrier. The family member may not be able to translate accurately or objectively, and may have their own biases or emotions.

Choice B reason: Obtaining a staff member who is a bilingual interpreter is the best intervention to implement first. It ensures effective communication and understanding between the nurse and the client. It also respects the client's cultural and linguistic preferences and needs.

Choice C reason: Using drawings that are universal for all cultures is not the most effective intervention to implement first. It may be helpful for some simple concepts, but it may not convey the full meaning or context of the assessment. It may also be misinterpreted or misunderstood by the client.

Choice D reason: Asking for the support of one of the client's friends is not the most appropriate intervention to implement first. It may violate the client's privacy and confidentiality, and may not ensure accurate or unbiased translation. The friend may not be familiar with the medical terminology or the client's condition.

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A client with a family history of cardiac disease is seeking information to control risk factors. Which lifestyle modification is most important for the nurse to encourage?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a client how to self-administer low-molecular-weight heparin subcutaneously. Which instruction should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a client in the clinic who is frightened and does not understand English. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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