A client with a family history of cardiac disease is seeking information to control risk factors. Which lifestyle modification is most important for the nurse to encourage?
Smoking cessation.
Regular exercise.
Low-fat diet.
Stress reduction.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Smoking cessation is the most important lifestyle modification for the nurse to encourage. Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiac disease, as it increases blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen demand, and damages the blood vessels and the heart muscle. Quitting smoking can reduce the risk of cardiac disease by 50% within one year.
Choice B reason: Regular exercise is a beneficial lifestyle modification for the nurse to encourage, but not the most important one. Exercise can improve cardiovascular fitness, lower blood pressure, and reduce body weight, but it does not eliminate the harmful effects of smoking on the heart and blood vessels.
Choice C reason: A low-fat diet is a helpful lifestyle modification for the nurse to encourage, but not the most important one. A low-fat diet can lower cholesterol levels and prevent atherosclerosis, but it does not reverse the damage caused by smoking to the heart and blood vessels.
Choice D reason: Stress reduction is a useful lifestyle modification for the nurse to encourage, but not the most important one. Stress can trigger the release of hormones that increase blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen demand, and can also lead to unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, overeating, and alcohol abuse. However, stress reduction alone does not address the direct effects of smoking on the heart and blood vessels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: To avoid pain-causing activity is not the best outcome statement for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care. It does not address the problem of activity intolerance, but rather reinforces the client's refusal to ambulate. It may also delay the client's recovery and increase the risk of complications.
Choice B reason: To take analgesics as prescribed is a relevant outcome statement for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care, but not the best one. It may help to reduce the client's pain and improve his comfort, but it does not directly measure the client's activity tolerance or mobility.
Choice C reason: To show evidence of incision healing is an important outcome statement for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care, but not the best one. It indicates the client's progress and recovery from surgery, but it does not reflect the client's activity intolerance or pain level.
Choice D reason: To ambulate without discomfort is the best outcome statement for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care. It addresses the problem of activity intolerance related to pain, and the goal of increasing the client's mobility and function. It also implies that the client's pain is well-managed and his incision is healing.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Printing electronic medical record (EMR) from backup server is not the best action to take first. It may not be possible or feasible to access the backup server if the system is down. It may also delay the communication and delivery of the prescriptions to the lab.
Choice B reason: Notifying information services department of the situation is the best action to take first. It alerts the experts who can troubleshoot and fix the problem as soon as possible. It also allows the nurse to obtain guidance on how to proceed with the documentation and prescriptions.
Choice C reason: Identifying information as late entry in the record is a relevant action to take, but not the first one. It ensures the accuracy and completeness of the EMR, but it does not address the immediate issue of the system failure. The nurse may not be able to enter the information until the system is restored.
Choice D reason: Waiting for notification that the system has been rebooted is not a proactive action to take first. It may waste valuable time and compromise the client's care. The nurse should not assume that the system will be rebooted automatically or quickly.
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