A client with a diagnosis of valvular heart disease is being considered for mechanical valve replacement. Which circumstance is essential to assess before the surgery is performed?

The ability to comply with anticoagulant therapy for life.

The likelihood of the client experiencing body image problems.

The physical demands of the client’s lifestyle.

The ability to participate in a cardiac rehabilitation program.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

The ability to comply with anticoagulant therapy for life is essential for clients undergoing mechanical valve replacement. Mechanical valves are prone to thrombus formation, which can lead to serious complications such as stroke. Therefore, lifelong anticoagulation therapy is necessary to prevent clot formation on the valve.

Choice B rationale

While body image problems may arise due to surgical scars or the presence of a mechanical valve, they are not a primary concern that needs to be assessed before surgery. The focus should be on the client’s ability to manage the medical requirements post-surgery.

Choice C rationale

The physical demands of the client’s lifestyle are important but not as critical as the ability to comply with anticoagulant therapy. The primary concern is ensuring the client can adhere to the necessary medical regimen to prevent complications.

Choice D rationale

Participation in a cardiac rehabilitation program is beneficial for recovery and improving cardiovascular health, but it is not as crucial as the ability to comply with anticoagulant therapy. The main priority is preventing thrombus formation on the mechanical valve.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

A diet high in carbohydrates is not specifically recommended for diverticulitis during the asymptomatic period. While carbohydrates are an essential part of a balanced diet, they do not specifically aid in preventing diverticulitis flare-ups. Instead, a high-fiber diet is more beneficial as it helps in maintaining regular bowel movements and preventing constipation, which can reduce the risk of diverticula formation and inflammation.

Choice B rationale

A diet high in fiber is recommended during the asymptomatic period of diverticulitis. Fiber helps to soften the stool and increase its bulk, which can prevent constipation and reduce pressure on the colon. This can help prevent the formation of diverticula and reduce the risk of diverticulitis flare-ups. Foods high in fiber include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.

Choice C rationale

A low-residue diet is typically recommended during an acute diverticulitis flare-up to reduce bowel movements and allow the colon to heal. However, during the asymptomatic period, a high-fiber diet is more beneficial in preventing future flare-ups.

Choice D rationale

A diet low in fat is not specifically recommended for diverticulitis. While reducing fat intake can be beneficial for overall health, it does not specifically address the prevention of diverticulitis flare-ups. A high-fiber diet is more effective in maintaining bowel health and preventing diverticulitis.

A. 9 percent. B. 18 percent. C. 36 percent. D. 54 percent.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

9 percent is the percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) for one arm (front or back) or the head and neck combined. Since the burns are on the front and back of both arms, this percentage is too low.

Choice B rationale

18 percent is the correct percentage of TBSA for burns on the front and back of both arms. Each arm accounts for 9 percent of TBSA, so both arms together account for 18 percent.

Choice C rationale

36 percent is the percentage of TBSA for burns on both legs (front and back) or the entire trunk (anterior and posterior). This percentage is too high for burns on the front and back of both arms.

Choice D rationale

54 percent is the percentage of TBSA for burns on the entire trunk (anterior and posterior) and one leg (front and back). This percentage is too high for burns on the front and back of both arms.

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A client with a diagnosis of valvular heart disease is being considered for mechanical valve replacement. Which circumstance is essential to assess before the surgery is performed?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client diagnosed with diverticulitis has been experiencing episodes of gastrointestinal cramping. The nurse should tell the client to maintain which type of diet during the asymptomatic period?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who has burns on the front and back of both arms. Using the rule of nines, the nurse should document burns to which percentage of the client’s total body surface area (TBSA)?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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