A client, who has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), now presents with a CD4+ count of less than 200 cells/mm and pneumocystic pneumonia.
A normal range for a CD4+ count is 500-1500 cells/mm.
How would the nurse evaluate these findings? The client:

Is in the latent period of the disease.

Continues to remain in HIV positive status.

Has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Has seroconverted.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

The latent period of HIV includes asymptomatic phases when the CD4+ count remains above 200 cells/mm. Pneumocystic pneumonia and low CD4+ counts signify progression beyond latent HIV.

Choice B rationale

HIV-positive status reflects infection presence, but it does not confirm AIDS unless CD4+ count drops below 200 cells/mm and opportunistic infections occur, such as pneumocystic pneumonia.

Choice C rationale

AIDS is diagnosed when CD4+ count decreases below 200 cells/mm, coupled with opportunistic infections. Pneumocystic pneumonia indicates a weakened immune system due to advanced disease.

Choice D rationale

Seroconversion marks the initial immune response to HIV infection with detectable antibodies but occurs before CD4+ counts decline significantly and opportunistic infections appear.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Fluid intake does not directly impact intraocular pressure. Management of glaucoma focuses on medications like eye drops and surgical interventions rather than restricting fluid intake.

Choice B rationale

Glaucoma treatments, including eye drops, aim to manage intraocular pressure. These medications are required lifelong to prevent optic nerve damage and preserve vision.

Choice C rationale

Excess salt impacts systemic blood pressure but does not directly influence intraocular pressure. Glaucoma management targets ocular pressure, not dietary sodium reduction.

Choice D rationale

Avoiding eye overuse may reduce strain but does not address intraocular pressure. Effective glaucoma treatment relies on pharmacological or surgical measures rather than activity limitation.

Correct Answer is ["2525"]

Explanation

Step 1 is calculate intake from lactated Ringer’s: 150 mL/hr × 9 hrs = 1350 mL.

Step 2 is calculate cefazolin intake: 100 mL × 1 dose = 100 mL.

Step 3 is calculate intake from two units of packed RBCs: 275 mL + 250 mL = 525 mL.

Step 4 is calculate intake from two IV boluses: 250 mL × 2 = 500 mL.

Step 5 is calculate intake from ranitidine infusion: 50 mL × 1 dose = 50 mL.

Step 6 is calculate total intake: 1350 mL + 100 mL + 525 mL + 500 mL + 50 mL = 2525 mL. Final calculated intake is 2525 mL.

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A client, who has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), now presents with a CD4+ count of less than 200 cells/mm and pneumocystic pneumonia.A normal range for a CD4+ count is 500-1500 cells/mm.How would the nurse evaluate these findings? The client:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is developing a teaching plan for the client with glaucoma.Which of the following instructions would the nurse include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["2525"]

Explanation

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A client, who has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), now presents with a CD4+ count of less than 200 cells/mm and pneumocystic pneumonia.
A normal range for a CD4+ count is 500-1500 cells/mm.
How would the nurse evaluate these findings? The client: