A client is scheduled for percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty to treat mitral stenosis. When explaining the advantage of valvuloplasty instead of valve replacement to the client, which information will the nurse include?
Ongoing cardiac care by a health care provider is unnecessary after valvuloplasty
Lifelong anticoagulant therapy is needed after mechanical valve replacement
Biologic replacement valves require the use of immunosuppressive drugs
Mechanical mitral valves require replacement approximately every 5-years
The Correct Answer is B
A. Ongoing cardiac care is still necessary after valvuloplasty to monitor valve function and complications.
B. Mechanical valve replacements require lifelong anticoagulant therapy to prevent thromboembolism, which is an important consideration when comparing with valvuloplasty.
C. Biologic valves do not require immunosuppressive drugs because they are derived from animal tissue.
D. Mechanical valves are durable and often last longer than 5 years, usually 10-20 years or more before replacement might be needed.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Platelets are administered to treat or prevent bleeding due to thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunction, not primarily for volume loss.
B. Albumin is a plasma volume expander and may be used in hypovolemia, but it does not replace oxygen-carrying capacity like RBCs do.
C. Cryoprecipitates are rich in clotting factors (e.g., fibrinogen, factor VIII) and are used for coagulopathies, not as a primary treatment for hypovolemic shock.
D. Packed RBCs are the appropriate choice in hypovolemic shock, especially when blood loss has occurred, as they restore oxygen-carrying capacity and circulating blood volume.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The view of the electrical current changes in relation to the lead placement – Each ECG lead offers a different angle or view of the heart's electrical activity, so the waveforms in leads I, II, and III naturally look different. This variation helps clinicians assess different parts of the heart.
B. Conduction of the heart differs with lead placement – The heart's electrical conduction system functions independently of lead placement; only the view of the conduction changes.
C. Electrocardiogram (ECG) equipment has malfunctioned – Lead differences are expected and normal; this is not a sign of malfunction.
D. The circadian rhythm has changed – Circadian rhythms affect general physiological patterns but do not cause variation in ECG lead appearance.
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