A client is scheduled for percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty to treat mitral stenosis. When explaining the advantage of valvuloplasty instead of valve replacement to the client, which information will the nurse include?
Ongoing cardiac care by a health care provider is unnecessary after valvuloplasty
Lifelong anticoagulant therapy is needed after mechanical valve replacement
Biologic replacement valves require the use of immunosuppressive drugs
Mechanical mitral valves require replacement approximately every 5-years
The Correct Answer is B
A. Ongoing cardiac care is still necessary after valvuloplasty to monitor valve function and complications.
B. Mechanical valve replacements require lifelong anticoagulant therapy to prevent thromboembolism, which is an important consideration when comparing with valvuloplasty.
C. Biologic valves do not require immunosuppressive drugs because they are derived from animal tissue.
D. Mechanical valves are durable and often last longer than 5 years, usually 10-20 years or more before replacement might be needed.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Anaphylactic shock is a life-threatening allergic reaction, but it is less common and less frequently the cause of ICU deaths compared to septic shock.
B. Neurogenic shock results from spinal cord injuries or central nervous system damage and is relatively rare.
C. Septic shock is the most common cause of death in intensive care units in the United States. It results from overwhelming infection and leads to systemic inflammation, vasodilation, and multi-organ dysfunction.
D. Cardiogenic shock occurs due to the heart’s inability to pump effectively, often after a major myocardial infarction, but it is not the leading cause of death in ICUs.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Mitral valve prolapse often requires no treatment or is managed with medications; balloon valvuloplasty is not typically used.
B. Aortic regurgitation usually requires surgical valve replacement rather than valvuloplasty.
C. Mitral regurgitation involves backward blood flow and is generally treated with valve repair or replacement, not balloon valvuloplasty.
D. Mitral stenosis is most commonly treated with balloon valvuloplasty, especially in clients with rheumatic heart disease. This procedure helps open a narrowed mitral valve by inflating a balloon within the valve to improve blood flow.
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