A client is receiving an intravenous (IV) solution over a short amount of time to replace volume losses. The nurse understands that this IV solution is most likely to be:

isotonic.

hypotonic.

hypertonic.

Hyperosmotic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Isotonic solutions have a similar osmolarity to that of blood plasma, meaning they exert the same osmotic pressure as blood. This equilibrium prevents the movement of water across cell membranes, thereby maintaining cell volume and preventing cellular dehydration or swelling. Examples of isotonic solutions commonly used for intravenous fluid replacement include 0.9% saline (normal saline) and lactated Ringer's solution.
B. Hypotonic solutions have a lower osmolarity than blood plasma, meaning they exert less osmotic pressure than blood. When administered, hypotonic solutions cause water to move into cells, leading to cellular swelling. While hypotonic solutions can help hydrate cells and replenish intracellular fluid, they are not typically used for rapid volume replacement because they can exacerbate extracellular fluid deficits and cause complications such as cerebral edema or cardiovascular collapse.
C. Hypertonic solutions have a higher osmolarity than blood plasma, meaning they exert greater osmotic pressure than blood. When administered, hypertonic solutions cause water to move out of cells, leading to cellular shrinkage. Hypertonic solutions are often used to expand intravascular volume in cases of severe hypovolemia or shock, as they rapidly increase blood osmolarity and draw fluid from the interstitial space into the bloodstream. Examples of hypertonic solutions include 3% saline and 5% dextrose in 0.9% saline.
D. Hyperosmotic solutions have an elevated osmolarity compared to blood plasma, indicating a higher concentration of solutes. These solutions exert osmotic pressure that draws water out of cells, leading to cellular dehydration. While hyperosmotic solutions are not commonly used for rapid volume replacement due to their pot

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. This allows healthcare providers to quickly administer treatments without the need for repeated venipuncture, which can be beneficial in various medical situations where time and vein preservation are critical.
A. Peripheral intravenous saline locks are not typically used to accommodate highly irritating or hyperosmolar solutions. Saline locks are used to maintain venous access without continuous infusion, and they are generally used with isotonic solutions to prevent complications such as phlebitis or infiltration.
B. The access is not very reliable when used for drawing samples repeatedly.
D. While peripheral intravenous saline locks can be used for intermittent administration of IV antibiotics or other medications, they are not typically used for prolonged IV antibiotic administration.

A. "I might not share your exact situation, but I do know what people go through when they deal with a loss." B. "It takes a long time to get over the loss of a loved one". C. "Why don't you try something to take your mind off your troubles? D. "You are correct. Could you describe what you are feeling?"

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. This response validates the client's feelings without making assumptions, allows the client to share more about their experience, and fosters a supportive environment. It's important for healthcare professionals to create a space where clients feel heard and understood, especially during times of grief and new diagnoses, which can be overwhelming.
A. It acknowledges the client's feelings while also expressing the nurse's understanding of the grieving process. It reassures the client that they are not alone in their experiences, even if the nurse hasn't experienced the exact situation. However, telling the client that you know what they are going through may not make them feel understood.
B. While this response acknowledges the client's grief, it may come across as minimizing or dismissive of their current emotional distress related to their diabetes diagnosis. It focuses solely on the loss of the spouse and doesn't address the client's immediate concerns about managing their newly diagnosed condition. Therefore, it may not be the most therapeutic response in this situation.
C. This response might unintentionally invalidate the client's feelings by suggesting they should distract themselves from their grief and diabetes diagnosis. It could be perceived as dismissive or insensitive, as it doesn't address the client's emotional needs or offer support. Additionally, suggesting distraction may not be helpful or appropriate for someone experiencing significant emotional distress.

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A client is receiving an intravenous (IV) solution over a short amount of time to replace volume losses. The nurse understands that this IV solution is most likely to be:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse caring for a client who has a peripheral intravenous saline lock understands that its purpose is to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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