A client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and right-sided heart failure. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

"Eat six small meals a day to limit oxygen needs."

"Increase the intake of protein to decrease intravascular hydrostatic pressure."

"Drink large amounts of fluid to help liquefy secretions."

"Lie down after eating to conserve energy needed for digestion."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Eating six small meals a day prevents excessive oxygen demand during digestion and reduces bloating, which can impair breathing.
B. Protein intake is important, but it does not directly impact intravascular hydrostatic pressure in a way that would help with COPD and right-sided heart failure.
C. While adequate hydration is necessary, excessive fluid intake can worsen right-sided heart failure by increasing fluid retention and edema.
D. Lying down after eating can worsen dyspnea and lead to reflux, which is not advisable for COPD patients.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) is a marker for heart failure, not the primary diagnostic test for myocardial infarction (MI).
B. Total Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) was historically used but is not specific for MI and has been replaced by troponin testing.
C. Troponin is correct. Cardiac-specific troponins (Troponin I and Troponin T) are the gold standard for detecting myocardial injury. Elevated levels indicate myocardial damage and are crucial for diagnosing MI.
D. Creatinine is important for assessing kidney function but is not a marker for myocardial infarction.

A. Dizziness B. Crackles in the lungs C. Dry hacking cough D. Hepatomegaly

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Dizziness is more commonly associated with left-sided heart failure due to decreased cardiac output and reduced cerebral perfusion.
B. Crackles in the lungs occur in left-sided heart failure due to pulmonary congestion. Right-sided heart failure primarily affects systemic circulation rather than the lungs.
C. A dry hacking cough is also a symptom of left-sided heart failure, resulting from fluid backup into the lungs.
D. Hepatomegaly is correct. Right-sided heart failure leads to systemic venous congestion, which can cause liver enlargement (hepatomegaly), ascites, and peripheral edema.

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A client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and right-sided heart failure. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client came into the emergency room with a possible myocardial infarction. The provider orders a series of blood tests to be drawn, which lab should the nurse anticipate will be drawn?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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