A client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and right-sided heart failure. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
"Eat six small meals a day to limit oxygen needs."
"Increase the intake of protein to decrease intravascular hydrostatic pressure."
"Drink large amounts of fluid to help liquefy secretions."
"Lie down after eating to conserve energy needed for digestion."
The Correct Answer is A
A. Eating six small meals a day prevents excessive oxygen demand during digestion and reduces bloating, which can impair breathing.
B. Protein intake is important, but it does not directly impact intravascular hydrostatic pressure in a way that would help with COPD and right-sided heart failure.
C. While adequate hydration is necessary, excessive fluid intake can worsen right-sided heart failure by increasing fluid retention and edema.
D. Lying down after eating can worsen dyspnea and lead to reflux, which is not advisable for COPD patients.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Heart failure is associated with central sleep apnea, not obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which results from airway obstruction.
B. Opioid overdose is linked to central sleep apnea, where the brain fails to send proper signals to the breathing muscles. It does not cause obstruction of the airway.
C. Brainstem injury can affect respiratory drive, but it is not a direct cause of OSA, which is due to mechanical airway obstruction.
D. Enlarged tonsils are correct. In children and adults, enlarged tonsils can block the airway, making them a common cause of OSA.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Sitting up and leaning over the bedside table (tripod position) helps maximize lung expansion, decreases work of breathing, and improves oxygenation in clients with COPD.
B. Fowler's position can help with breathing but does not provide as much relief as the tripod position.
C. A recliner may be comfortable but does not optimize lung expansion like the tripod position.
D. Lying prone is not beneficial for COPD patients and can make breathing more difficult.
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