A client has a myocardial infarction in the left ventricle and develops crackles bilaterally: 3 pillow orthopnea; an S3 heart sound; and a cough with pink, frothy sputum. The nurse obtains a pulse oximetry reading of 88%. What do these signs and symptoms indicate for this client?

The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

The development of left sided heart failure

The development of right-sided heart failure

The development of cor pulmonale

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Explanation: The signs and symptoms described, including crackles, orthopnea, S3 heart sound, cough with pink, frothy sputum, and low pulse oximetry, are more indicative of heart failure than COPD.

B. The development of left-sided heart failure

Explanation: This is the correct answer. The signs and symptoms, such as crackles, orthopnea, and cough with pink, frothy sputum, are characteristic of left-sided heart failure. The S3 heart sound is often associated with increased ventricular filling pressures.

C. The development of right-sided heart failure

Explanation: The presented signs and symptoms are more consistent with left-sided heart failure. Right-sided heart failure is often associated with peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, and jugular venous distension.

D. The development of cor pulmonale

Explanation: Cor pulmonale is typically associated with right-sided heart failure due to chronic lung disease. The signs and symptoms described are more indicative of left-sided heart failure.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Frequent change of position:

Frequent changes in position help prevent pooling of secretions and promote lung expansion. This simple and cost-effective measure is important in preventing complications related to immobility, such as pneumonia and atelectasis. It aids in maintaining optimal respiratory function.

B. Antibiotics: Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and would not directly address the risks associated with decreased mobility.

C. Oxygen humidification: While oxygen therapy may be necessary in some cases, humidification is typically used to prevent drying of mucous membranes and is not a primary intervention for preventing complications of decreased mobility.

D. Chest physiotherapy: Chest physiotherapy involves techniques to mobilize respiratory secretions and may be indicated in specific situations. However, it is not as simple and cost-effective as frequent changes in position.

A. Mask B. Gloves C. Eye Protection D. Gown

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Mask:

Silicosis is a lung disease caused by inhaling crystalline silica dust. The primary preventive measure during exposure to silica particles is wearing a mask or respirator. This helps to reduce the inhalation of silica dust, protecting the respiratory system.

B. Gloves: Gloves are typically worn to protect the hands and skin and are not directly related to preventing inhalation of airborne particles.

C. Eye Protection: While eye protection is important in certain occupational settings, it does not specifically address the inhalation of silica particles.

D. Gown: Gowns are worn for protection against contamination but are not directly related to the prevention of occupational lung diseases such as silicosis.

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A client has a myocardial infarction in the left ventricle and develops crackles bilaterally: 3 pillow orthopnea; an S3 heart sound; and a cough with pink, frothy sputum. The nurse obtains a pulse oximetry reading of 88%. What do these signs and symptoms indicate for this client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient who has decreased mobility. Which intervention is a simple and cost-effective method for reducing the risks of stasis of pulmonary secretions and decreased chest wall expansion?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is taking the history of a client with occupational lung disease (silicosis). The nurse should assess whether the client wears which item during periods of exposure to silica particles?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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