A client has a history of severe allergic reactions and is scheduled to receive a blood transfusion. What intervention should the nurse implement to prevent an allergic transfusion reaction in this client?
Pre-medicate the client with antihistamines before the transfusion.
Administer the blood transfusion rapidly to minimize exposure.
Ensure that the blood product is warmed before administration.
Monitor the client's vital signs frequently during the transfusion.
The Correct Answer is A
A) Correct: Pre-medicating the client with antihistamines before the transfusion can help prevent or minimize allergic transfusion reactions in clients with a history of severe allergies. Antihistamines block histamine release, reducing the risk of allergic symptoms.
B) Incorrect: Administering the blood transfusion rapidly is not a preventive measure for allergic transfusion reactions. In fact, rapid administration may increase the risk of adverse reactions.
C) Incorrect: Warming the blood product before administration is important to prevent hypothermia but is not directly related to preventing allergic transfusion reactions.
D) Incorrect: Monitoring the client's vital signs during the transfusion is a standard practice, but it is not the primary intervention for preventing allergic transfusion reactions. Pre-medication with antihistamines is a more targeted approach.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect: Iron-deficiency anemia is not a contraindication for a blood transfusion. In fact, it is one of the common indications for transfusion in clients with severe anemia.
B) Incorrect: Chronic kidney disease is not a contraindication for a blood transfusion. Transfusions may be necessary for clients with chronic kidney disease who develop anemia due to decreased erythropoietin production.
C) Correct: Hemolytic anemia is a contraindication for a blood transfusion. This condition involves the destruction of red blood cells, and a transfusion with incompatible blood can worsen the hemolysis and lead to a severe transfusion reaction.
D) Incorrect: Hypertension is not a contraindication for a blood transfusion. While the nurse should monitor blood pressure during the transfusion, hypertension alone does not preclude the need for a transfusion in a client with other indications for blood products.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct: Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) contains various clotting factors and is used to treat clotting factor deficiencies such as those found in coagulopathies or liver disease.
B) Incorrect: Platelets are used to treat thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction, not clotting factor deficiencies.
C) Incorrect: Cryoprecipitate is derived from FFP and contains concentrated fibrinogen and other clotting factors. It is used for specific clotting factor deficiencies but is not the primary treatment for clotting factor deficiencies in general.
D) Incorrect: Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBCs) are used to treat anemia and improve oxygenation but do not address clotting factor deficiencies.
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