A client has a history of severe allergic reactions and is scheduled to receive a blood transfusion. What intervention should the nurse implement to prevent an allergic transfusion reaction in this client?

Pre-medicate the client with antihistamines before the transfusion.

Administer the blood transfusion rapidly to minimize exposure.

Ensure that the blood product is warmed before administration.

Monitor the client's vital signs frequently during the transfusion.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Correct: Pre-medicating the client with antihistamines before the transfusion can help prevent or minimize allergic transfusion reactions in clients with a history of severe allergies. Antihistamines block histamine release, reducing the risk of allergic symptoms.

B) Incorrect: Administering the blood transfusion rapidly is not a preventive measure for allergic transfusion reactions. In fact, rapid administration may increase the risk of adverse reactions.

C) Incorrect: Warming the blood product before administration is important to prevent hypothermia but is not directly related to preventing allergic transfusion reactions.

D) Incorrect: Monitoring the client's vital signs during the transfusion is a standard practice, but it is not the primary intervention for preventing allergic transfusion reactions. Pre-medication with antihistamines is a more targeted approach.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Platelets should be infused rapidly, typically over 30 to 60 minutes, to prevent clotting and ensure effectiveness.
B. A specialized platelet administration set with a filter should be used, not a standard IV infusion set.
C. Although ABO compatibility is less critical for platelets than for red blood cell transfusions, compatibility should still be verified to reduce the risk of reactions.
D. Platelets should not be warmed; they should be stored at room temperature and gently agitated to prevent clumping.

A. Warm the blood product in a microwave oven to improve its condition. B. Administer the blood product as usual and monitor the client closely for reactions. C. Discard the blood product appropriately and notify the blood bank for a replacement. D. Filter the blood product through a standard IV filter to remove any clots.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Incorrect: Warming the blood product in a microwave oven is not an appropriate action and could lead to hemolysis of the blood components. Blood should be warmed using an approved blood warmer designed for this purpose.

B) Incorrect: Administering a discolored blood product or one containing clots is unsafe and could cause harm to the client. The nurse should not proceed with the administration and should take appropriate actions.

C) Correct: If the nurse discovers that the blood product is discolored or contains clots, the nurse should discard the blood product appropriately and notify the blood bank immediately. This will ensure that the client receives a safe and suitable blood product for the transfusion.

D) Incorrect: Filtering the blood product through a standard IV filter is not sufficient to remove any clots present in the blood product. Using a blood product that appears abnormal could lead to adverse reactions in the client, so it is essential to obtain a replacement from the blood bank.

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A client has a history of severe allergic reactions and is scheduled to receive a blood transfusion. What intervention should the nurse implement to prevent an allergic transfusion reaction in this client?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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