A nurse is monitoring a client who just received a blood transfusion. The client suddenly develops dyspnea, tachycardia, and chest pain. What is the nurse's priority action?
Elevate the head of the bed to promote lung expansion.
Administer diuretics to manage fluid overload.
Stop the transfusion immediately and notify the healthcare provider.
Document the client's symptoms and continue the transfusion at a slower rate.
The Correct Answer is C
A) Incorrect: Elevating the head of the bed may help promote lung expansion, but it is not the nurse's priority action when the client is experiencing severe symptoms like dyspnea, tachycardia, and chest pain during a transfusion.
B) Incorrect: Administering diuretics is not the appropriate action for the client's symptoms, which suggest a possible transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) or acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. Diuretics will not address the underlying cause.
C) Correct: The client's symptoms of dyspnea, tachycardia, and chest pain indicate a potential severe transfusion reaction. The nurse's priority action is to stop the transfusion immediately and notify the healthcare provider for further evaluation and intervention.
D) Incorrect: Continuing the transfusion at a slower rate is not appropriate when the client is experiencing severe symptoms. The nurse should first stop the transfusion and then notify the healthcare provider.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect: Slowing down the transfusion rate is not the appropriate action in this scenario. The client is experiencing signs of an allergic reaction, and the nurse must act promptly to address the situation.
B) Incorrect: Elevating the client's feet and lowering the head (Trendelenburg position) is not indicated for an allergic reaction. It may be used for clients in shock, but the priority is to manage the allergic reaction.
C) Correct: The nurse should immediately discontinue the transfusion and initiate the infusion of normal saline to maintain the client's intravascular volume. Discontinuing the blood transfusion helps prevent further exposure to the allergen (if an allergic reaction is confirmed) and addresses fluid volume needs.
D) Incorrect: While administering an antihistamine may be part of the treatment plan for an allergic reaction, it is not the immediate action. The nurse should first discontinue the transfusion and infuse normal saline as stated in option C.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A-negative (A-) and AB-positive (AB+) are incompatible with B-positive (B+), as individuals with B+ blood can only receive blood from B or O types.
B. A-positive (A+) and AB-negative (AB-) are incompatible for the same reason.
C. AB-negative (AB-) and AB-positive (AB+) are not suitable donors for B-positive (B+) recipients.
D. O-negative (O-), B-positive (B+), and O-positive (O+) are all compatible with B-positive (B+), making this the correct choice.
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