A client had surgery yesterday and is reporting abdominal discomfort and lack of appetite. The nurse auscultates the abdomen and does not detect bowel sounds. The nurse suspected which type of bowel obstruction?

Prednisone is a corticosteroid medication that can increase blood glucose levels by promoting gluconeogenesis (the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources) and reducing glucose utilization in the body. This can lead to elevated blood sugar levels, especially in individuals with diabetes. The client's history of urinary tract infection and the use of Prednisone suggest that the infection might have triggered the development of DKA.

It's important to note that DKA can occur even when a person is taking insulin as prescribed and following their diet carefully if other factors contribute to the development of DKA, such as an underlying infection or the use of certain medications like Prednisone. The nurse should further assess the client's condition and notify the healthcare provider to initiate appropriate management for DKA.

The signs or symptoms the nurse would observe in a 4-year-old client experiencing a recurrence of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) include:

1. MCNS is characterized by increased glomerular permeability, leading to the loss of protein, particularly albumin, in the urine. Proteinuria is a hallmark feature of MCNS and is usually detected through urine testing.
2. Due to the excessive loss of protein in the urine, particularly albumin, the client with MCNS may have low levels of albumin in the blood. Hypoalbuminemia can result in various complications, such as edema formation and impaired immune function. However this is not a sign or symptom.
3. Edema is a common symptom of MCNS and typically presents as swelling in the face, around the eyes, and in the extremities. This is a result of the fluid shifts and fluid retention caused by the altered glomerular function and hypoalbuminemia.

Hypocalcemia and ketones in the urine are not typically associated with MCNS. Hypocalcemia can occur in some types of kidney disease, but it is not a characteristic feature of MCNS. Ketones in the urine are more commonly associated with conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis or inadequate carbohydrate intake.