A client diagnosed with glaucoma receives a new prescription for dorzolamide. Prior to administering the medication, the nurse should review the electronic medical record for which allergy?
lodine.
Latex.
Penicillin.
Sulfonamide.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Iodine: An iodine allergy is more relevant for clients receiving contrast media or iodine-based antiseptics, not dorzolamide. Dorzolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, and its risk profile is not associated with iodine sensitivity.
B. Latex: Latex allergy is an important consideration in nursing care, particularly regarding equipment and supply use. However, dorzolamide as an ophthalmic preparation does not contain latex, so this allergy does not directly influence the safety of administering the drug.
C. Penicillin: Penicillin allergy is significant for antibiotics, but dorzolamide is not a beta-lactam or related medication. There is no cross-reactivity between penicillin and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, making this allergy less concerning for this prescription.
D. Sulfonamide: Dorzolamide contains a sulfonamide component, and clients with a sulfonamide allergy are at risk for hypersensitivity reactions such as rash, conjunctivitis, or even systemic effects. Reviewing the medical record for a sulfonamide allergy is essential before administration to prevent serious complications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Assist client to a supine position: The initial step in assessing orthostatic hypotension is to have the client lie supine for several minutes. This allows baseline blood pressure and heart rate to be measured in a stable, resting position before changing posture.
B. Instruct the client to stand upright: Standing too soon without establishing baseline measurements may place the client at risk for falls or injury due to dizziness or sudden blood pressure changes.
C. Place the client in a semi-Fowler's position: A semi-Fowler’s position is partially upright, which does not provide an accurate baseline for assessing orthostatic changes compared to the supine position.
D. Help the client sit on the side of the bed: Sitting at the bedside is part of the assessment sequence, but it should occur after obtaining supine baseline readings to safely monitor changes in blood pressure and heart rate.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Pleural effusion: The combination of crackles, decreased tactile fremitus, and dullness to percussion is most consistent with pleural effusion. Fluid in the pleural space dampens vibration transmission, decreases fremitus, and creates a dull percussion sound while causing adventitious breath sounds.
B. Emphysema: Emphysema typically presents with hyperresonance on percussion due to air trapping, along with diminished breath sounds. Fremitus is decreased as well, but crackles and dullness are not characteristic findings.
C. Bronchitis: Bronchitis may cause crackles or wheezes due to airway inflammation, but tactile fremitus is usually normal or increased, and percussion tones remain resonant. The dullness noted here makes bronchitis unlikely.
D. Pneumothorax: Pneumothorax produces hyperresonant percussion sounds with absent or markedly decreased breath sounds. Fremitus is also decreased, but dullness and crackles are not expected, distinguishing it from pleural effusion.
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