A client continually reports physical symptoms in the absence of objective clinical findings. The nurse should suspect which of the following disorders?

Dysthymia

Body dysmorphic disorder

Somatoform disorder

Major depressive disorder

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C Somatoform disorders are characterized by physical symptoms that suggest a medical condition but cannot be fully explained by a general medical condition, another mental disorder, or substance use. Individuals with somatoform disorders often experience distress or impairment due to these symptoms despite medical reassurance that no physical cause can be found.

A. Dysthymia is a type of persistent depressive disorder characterized by a depressed mood that lasts for at least two years. It typically involves emotional and behavioral symptoms rather than physical symptoms without clinical findings.

B. Body dysmorphic disorder involves a preoccupation with perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance that are not observable or appear slight to others. While it involves body image concerns, it does not manifest as physical symptoms in the absence of objective findings.

D. Major depressive disorder primarily involves mood disturbances such as sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, and changes in appetite or sleep. While physical symptoms like fatigue and changes in weight can occur, they are not typically reported persistently without objective clinical findings as seen in somatoform disorders.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. When someone assumes the sick role, society typically grants them permission to prioritize their health and well-being. This often includes being excused from work, school, or other responsibilities to focus on recovery. Rest is an important aspect of recuperation during illness.

A. When someone assumes the sick role, their engagement in social responsibilities typically decreases or is temporarily suspended. This is because the focus shifts towards managing the illness, seeking treatment, and recovering. Social interactions may be reduced due to physical limitations or the need to avoid spreading illness to others.

B. Denial of illness is not characteristic of assuming the sick role. Assuming the sick role involves acknowledging and recognizing the presence of illness, which prompts seeking medical attention and adopting behaviors conducive to recovery.

C. On the contrary, assuming the sick role often involves a change in duties and responsibilities. The individual may need to delegate tasks or take a break from their usual obligations to focus on recuperation and treatment.

A. Low serum sodium level B. Low serum sodium level C. Low serum potassium Ievel D. High serum potassium level

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C This is a common and potentially life-threatening complication in individuals with anorexia nervosa who are undergoing treatment. It can lead to cardiac arrhythmias.

A. Anorexia nervosa can lead to electrolyte imbalances, including hyponatremia (low serum sodium level), due to inadequate intake of sodium and fluid restriction. Antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), can also contribute to hyponatremia by causing the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), which leads to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. However, it is not as life-threatening as hypokalemia.

B. Anorexia nervosa can lead to electrolyte imbalances, including hyponatremia (low serum sodium level), due to inadequate intake of sodium and fluid restriction. However, it is not as life-threatening as hypokalemia.

D. Anorexia nervosa typically does not lead to hyperkalemia (high serum potassium level), as potassium is usually lost through purging behaviors or inadequate intake. Antidepressants also do not commonly cause hyperkalemia as a side effect.

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A client continually reports physical symptoms in the absence of objective clinical findings. The nurse should suspect which of the following disorders?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following is true of a person who assumes the sick role?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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