A client comes to the Urgent Care center complaining of urinary frequency accompanied by pain when voiding. Which clinical manifestation would make the nurse suspect acute pyelonephritis rather than cystitis?
Urinary urgency
Increased WBCs in urinalysis
Costovertebral tenderness
Hematuria
The Correct Answer is C
C. Costovertebral tenderness, which is tenderness over the costovertebral angle (where the ribs meet the vertebral column) on palpation, is more indicative of acute pyelonephritis rather than cystitis. In acute pyelonephritis, inflammation of the kidney parenchyma and surrounding tissues can lead to tenderness in this area.
A. Both acute pyelonephritis and cystitis can present with urinary urgency, as it is a common symptom of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in general.
B. Increased WBCs in urinalysis: While an increased number of white blood cells (WBCs) in the urinalysis can indicate a urinary tract infection, it is not specific to either acute pyelonephritis or cystitis.
D. Hematuria can occur in both acute pyelonephritis and cystitis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Magnesium hydroxide is an antacid medication that works by neutralizing gastric acid in the stomach. Therefore, if the medication achieves the desired therapeutic effect, the nurse should expect neutralization of gastric acid, which can alleviate the burning sensation in the esophagus associated with GERD.
B. Magnesium hydroxide does not directly affect stomach motility. Instead, its primary action is to neutralize gastric acid. Therefore, reducing stomach motility is not an expected outcome of magnesium hydroxide administration.
C. Magnesium hydroxide primarily acts within the stomach to neutralize gastric acid and does not significantly affect the pH of the duodenum. Therefore, reduced duodenal pH is not an expected outcome of magnesium hydroxide administration.
D. Pepsin is an enzyme involved in the digestion of proteins and can contribute to tissue damage if refluxed into the esophagus. Although reducing gastric acidity can indirectly decrease the activity of pepsin, magnesium hydroxide does not directly increase the barrier to pepsin.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Emptying the bladder before and after sexual intercourse can help flush out bacteria that may have entered the urethra during sexual activity, reducing the risk of UTIs. Therefore, this statement indicates effective understanding of preventive measures.
B. Regularly emptying the bladder helps prevent the buildup of bacteria in the urinary tract, reducing the risk of UTIs. Therefore, this statement indicates effective understanding of preventive measures.
C. Using vaginal sprays and douches can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina and increase the risk of UTIs and other vaginal infections. Therefore, this statement indicates a misunderstanding of preventive measures and could potentially contribute to an increased risk of UTIs.
D. Wiping from front to back after urination helps prevent the spread of bacteria from the anal area to the urethra, reducing the risk of UTIs. Therefore, this statement indicates effective understanding of preventive measures.
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