A client becomes very dejected and states, "No one really cares what happens to me. Life isn't worth living anymore." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

A. Praise the client for looking at herself in a mirror.

While body image concerns are common in anorexia nervosa, praising the client for looking at herself in a mirror may inadvertently reinforce the focus on appearance and body image, which can be counterproductive.

B. Ask the client to agree to talk to a nurse whenever she feels the urge to exercise.

Explanation: For a client with anorexia nervosa, overexercising can be part of the unhealthy behaviors associated with the disorder. Collaborative communication is important in addressing and managing these behaviors. Asking the client to agree to talk to a nurse whenever the urge to exercise arises is a supportive approach. It allows the nurse to provide emotional support, explore the client's motivations and triggers for overexercising, and work together on finding healthier coping strategies.

C. Reprimand the client about the potential damage that has occurred due to overexercising her body.

Reprimanding the client may lead to feelings of guilt and shame, which are counterproductive in supporting recovery. A more empathetic and supportive approach is needed.

D. Restrict the client from being weighed.

Restricting the client from being weighed might exacerbate anxiety around weight gain and contribute to the client's preoccupation with weight. However, monitoring weight under the supervision of healthcare professionals is important in managing anorexia nervosa.

A) Decreased display of emotions:

While changes in emotional expression can occur in individuals with dementia, it's not a primary manifestation that is typically emphasized when educating families. Behavioral and psychological symptoms, including changes in emotion and personality, can be seen in dementia, but forgetfulness progressing to disorientation is a more direct and characteristic symptom of the condition.

B) Forgetfulness gradually progressing to disorientation

Explanation:

When educating the family of a client with dementia, the nurse should inform them to expect forgetfulness that gradually progresses to disorientation. Dementia is a progressive cognitive decline that affects memory, thinking, and reasoning. Forgetfulness is often one of the initial symptoms of dementia, and as the condition advances, individuals can become disoriented to time, place, and even people. This progression occurs due to the degeneration of brain cells and the accumulation of abnormal proteins.

C) Personality traits that are opposite of original traits:

Changes in personality traits can indeed occur as a result of dementia, but this may not be the most prominent or early manifestation that the nurse would want to highlight when educating the family. The gradual progression of forgetfulness leading to disorientation is a more specific and foundational aspect of dementia.

D) Decreased auditory and visual acuity:

Decreased sensory acuity, such as auditory and visual acuity, can happen with age and various health conditions, but they are not primary manifestations of dementia. Dementia primarily affects cognitive functions like memory, thinking, and reasoning.