A client at 40-weeks gestation is admitted in active labor, and laboratory findings indicate that she is HIV positive. Which actions should the nurse plan to perform? (Select all that apply.)

Place client in a negative pressure room

Implement droplet precautions

Encourage the mother to bottle-feed

Give antiviral medication intravenously

Use standard precautions

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E

A. Place client in a negative pressure room: HIV is not an airborne disease, and clients with HIV do not require isolation in a negative pressure room. Standard precautions are sufficient to prevent transmission.

B. Implement droplet precautions: HIV is not transmitted via droplets. It is transmitted through contact with blood, certain body fluids, or perinatal exposure. Droplet precautions are not indicated.

C. Encourage the mother to bottle-feed: HIV can be transmitted through breast milk. To prevent vertical transmission postpartum, mothers with HIV are advised to avoid breastfeeding and to use formula or bottle-feed instead.

D. Give antiviral medication intravenously: Intrapartum IV zidovudine should be administered in the following situations: (a) HIV RNA >1,000 copies/mL, (b) unknown HIV RNA, (c) known or suspected lack of adherence since the last HIV RNA result, or (d) a positive expedited antigen/antibody HIV test result during labor (AI).

E. Use standard precautions: Standard precautions are the appropriate infection control measures for caring for clients with HIV. This includes wearing gloves, practicing proper hand hygiene, and avoiding contact with the client's blood and other potentially infectious fluids.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Unilateral lower leg pain:
Unilateral lower leg pain can be a symptom of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is a serious condition. It requires further assessment and intervention.

B. Soft, spongy fundus:
A soft, spongy fundus is not a normal finding 12 hours postpartum. The fundus should be firm and well-contracted. A soft fundus could indicate uterine atony, a potential cause of postpartum hemorrhage.

C. Saturating two perineal pads per hour:
Saturating two perineal pads per hour is not a normal finding and may indicate excessive bleeding, which is concerning for postpartum hemorrhage. This requires immediate attention.

D. Pulse rate of 56 beats/minute:
A pulse rate of 56 beats per minute can be within the normal range, especially if the client is at rest. However, it's essential to consider the overall clinical picture and whether there are any signs of distress or symptoms associated with a low pulse rate.

A. Use a fingertip to palpate the inguinal canal for a weakening or indentation B. Measure the size of the scrotal sac for length and width. C. Perform transillumination of the scrotal sac to visualize shadows of the testes D. Observe the urethral opening on the surface of the penis when the newborn voids

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Use a fingertip to palpate the inguinal canal for a weakening or indentation:
This is a reasonable next step in assessing for undescended testes. Palpating the inguinal canal can help determine if the testes are located in the inguinal area.

B.Measure the size of the scrotal sac for length and width:
While scrotal size can be relevant in some contexts, it may not provide direct information about the presence or absence of the testes. Palpation or other methods are more specific for this purpose.

C. Perform transillumination of the scrotal sac to visualize shadows of the testes:
Transillumination involves shining light through tissues to detect structures. However, in the case of evaluating the presence of testes, palpation is usually a more direct and accurate method.

D. Observe the urethral opening on the surface of the penis when the newborn voids:
This option is unrelated to assessing the presence of testes. Observing the urethral opening is more relevant for assessing the anatomy of the penis.

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A client at 40-weeks gestation is admitted in active labor, and laboratory findings indicate that she is HIV positive. Which actions should the nurse plan to perform? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which physical assessment data should the nurse consider a normal finding for a primigravida client who is 12 hours postpartum?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

During the newborn admission assessment, the nurse palpates the newborn's scrotum and does not feel the testicles. Which assessment technique should the nurse perform next to verify the absence of testes?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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