A cleansing enema has been prescribed for a patient before his scheduled colon surgery. What is the reason for this procedure?
A cleansing enema is ordered because gastrointestinal peristalsis does not resume until 12 to 24 hours after surgery.
Cleansing enemas are administered prior to surgery only at the patient’s request.
There will be less gas and discomfort post-operatively.
Patients undergoing surgery are routinely given multiple pre-operative cleansing enemas.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
While it's true that gastrointestinal peristalsis may be slowed after surgery, this is not the primary reason for administering a cleansing enema before colon surgery.
The main goal of the enema is to evacuate stool from the colon, ensuring a clear and unobstructed surgical field. This helps to:
Reduce the risk of infection
Facilitate better visualization of the colon during surgery
Minimize the potential for complications
Choice B rationale:
Cleansing enemas are not administered solely based on patient request.
They are prescribed for specific medical reasons, such as preparing for colon surgery or certain diagnostic procedures. Patient preference may be considered, but it's not the determining factor.
Choice C rationale:
While decreased gas and discomfort post-operatively can be a potential benefit of a cleansing enema, it's not the primary reason for its use before colon surgery.
The primary goal, as mentioned earlier, is to clear the colon for a safe and effective surgical procedure. However, reduced gas and discomfort can contribute to a smoother post-operative recovery.
Choice D rationale:
Multiple cleansing enemas are not routinely given to all surgical patients.
The decision to administer an enema is based on the specific type of surgery, the patient's condition, and other factors. In some cases, a single enema may be sufficient, while others may require more than one.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale for Choice A:
While it's true that a urinalysis can confirm the eradication of bacteria, it's not routinely recommended in uncomplicated UTIs when symptoms have resolved.
Conducting a urinalysis at this point could potentially lead to unnecessary healthcare visits and costs.
It's important to prioritize patient adherence to the full course of antibiotics, as this is the most effective way to prevent recurrence of infection.
Rationale for Choice B:
This response is inaccurate and could discourage the patient from completing the treatment.
It's essential for the nurse to convey that the treatment is likely working, even though the patient is feeling better. Reinforcing the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics is crucial for optimal outcomes. Rationale for Choice C:
Stopping the antibiotic prematurely, even if symptoms have improved, can lead to:
Increased risk of recurrent UTI
Development of antibiotic resistance
Prolonged or more severe infections in the future
Completing the full course of antibiotics ensures that all bacteria are eradicated, reducing the likelihood of these complications.
Rationale for Choice D:
This response correctly emphasizes the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics, even when symptoms have resolved.
It addresses the patient's concern while providing accurate and essential information.
Key points to highlight in this response include:
The need to eliminate all bacteria, including those that may not be causing active symptoms
The prevention of antibiotic resistance
The reduction of the risk of recurrent UTIs
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of diseases or conditions to prevent complications or progression. It does not involve education about health promotion activities like exercise.
Examples of secondary prevention include:
Screening for cancer (e.g., mammograms, colonoscopies)
Regular blood pressure checks
Immunizations
Taking medications to manage chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes, hypertension)
Choice B rationale:
Restorative care aims to restore function and quality of life after an illness or injury. It does not encompass health education strategies like the nurse's action in this scenario.
Examples of restorative care include:
Physical therapy
Occupational therapy
Speech therapy
Rehabilitation programs
Choice C rationale:
Tertiary prevention focuses on managing existing diseases or conditions to prevent further complications and improve quality of life. It's not applicable to this scenario as no disease or condition is being managed.
Examples of tertiary prevention include:
Cardiac rehabilitation after a heart attack
Diabetes management education
Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic lung disease
Choice D rationale:
Primary prevention targets preventing diseases or conditions from occurring in the first place. It often involves education and lifestyle changes to promote health and wellness.
The nurse's action of educating adolescents about physical exercise aligns with primary prevention. Exercise has proven benefits in:
Reducing the risk of chronic diseases like obesity, heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and some types of cancer Improving mental health and well-being
Promoting bone and muscle health
Enhancing sleep quality
Reducing stress levels
Therefore, the nurse's activity of educating adolescents about exercise represents primary prevention.
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