A case manager is meeting with a client who asks about using alternative therapies to manage her rheumatoid arthritis.

Choice A reason:

Offer to take pictures of the newborn for the client is the right choice, During the initial grieving process after experiencing a stillbirth, the nurse should offer to take pictures of the newborn for the client if the client wishes. Offering to take pictures is an essential and sensitive way to honour and validate the client's experience and the significance of their baby. It allows the client to have tangible memories of their child, which can be important for the grieving process and help in the healing journey.

It is crucial for the nurse to be supportive and compassionate during this time, respecting the client's emotional needs and preferences. Providing emotional support and empathy are critical components of caring for a client who has experienced the loss of a baby.

Choice B reason:

Assure the client that she can have additional children is not correct. While this statement may be well-intentioned, it may not be appropriate during the initial grieving process. The client may not be emotionally ready to discuss future pregnancies, and such assurances might minimize the significance of the loss they are experiencing. It is essential to be sensitive and refrain from making assumptions about the client's feelings or future plans.

Choice C reason:

Avoid talking to the client about the newborn. Avoiding talking to the client about the newborn may be seen as disregarding their feelings and emotions. Instead, it is essential to provide opportunities for the client to talk about their feelings and the baby if they wish to do so. Creating an environment where the client feels comfortable expressing their emotions can be crucial in the grieving process.

Choice D reason

Discouraging the client from allowing friends to see the newborn It is not appropriate for the nurse to discourage or prevent the client from allowing friends to see the newborn if they wish to do so. Grieving is a highly individual process, and some clients may find comfort and support in sharing their grief with loved ones. The nurse should respect the client's decisions regarding who they want to involve in their grieving process.

This is because coarctation of the aorta is a congenital condition where the aorta is narrow, usually in the area where the ductus arteriosus inserts. This causes a decrease in blood flow to the lower body, resulting in weak or absent pulses in the femoral arteries.

The other choices are incorrect for the following reasons:

• Choice A, frequent nosebleeds, is not a typical sign of coarctation of the aorta.

Nosebleeds can be caused by many factors, such as dry air, allergies, trauma, or bleeding disorders.

• Choice B, upper extremity hypotension, is also not a common finding in coarctation of the aorta. In fact, patients with this condition may have high blood pressure in the upper extremities due to the increased resistance of the narrowed aorta.
• Choice D, increased intracranial pressure, is not directly related to coarctation of the aorta.

Increased intracranial pressure can be caused by various conditions that affect the brain, such as head injury, stroke, infection, or tumor.

Normal ranges for blood pressure and pulse vary depending on age, sex, and health status.

However, some general guidelines are:

• Blood pressure: less than 120/80 mmHg for adults; less than 95/65 mmHg for infants.
• Pulse: 60 to 100 beats per minute for adults; 100 to 160 beats per minute for infants.