A 65-year-old patient with a history of osteoarthritis reports increased pain and stiffness in the knees, particularly in the morning and after prolonged inactivity. Which intervention is most appropriate to recommend to this patient to help alleviate these symptoms?

Initiate high-intensity weight-bearing exercises.

Increase dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D supplements.

Avoid all physical activity to prevent further joint damage.

Apply heat therapy to the affected joints before engaging in physical activity.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   High-intensity weight-bearing exercises can exacerbate pain in patients with osteoarthritis and is not appropriate for alleviating knee stiffness.
B.   Calcium and vitamin D supplementation is important for bone health, but it will not directly address the pain and stiffness associated with osteoarthritis.
C.   Avoiding physical activity is not recommended for osteoarthritis; instead, moderate exercise can help improve joint function.
D.   Applying heat therapy to the affected joints before engaging in physical activity is an effective method for alleviating stiffness and promoting mobility. Heat helps relax muscles and improve blood flow to the affected area.

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Correct Answer is ["B","E"]

Explanation

A. Loss of urine during laughing or sneezing is typically associated with stress incontinence, not overflow or functional incontinence.
B. Constant dribbling of urine despite frequent urination is a hallmark of overflow incontinence, often caused by an underactive bladder or obstruction.
C. Frequent urination at night with a strong urge is more characteristic of urge incontinence.
D. Sudden and intense urge to urinate followed by loss of urine is also indicative of urge incontinence.
E. Inability to access the toilet in time due to physical limitations, such as arthritis, is common in functional incontinence, where the person is unable to reach the bathroom in time despite normal bladder function.

A. Nocturia B. Fever and chills C. Increased urinary frequency D. Hesitancy in starting urine flow E. Hematuria F. Abdominal distension G. Decreased urinary stream H. Flank pain

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","G"]

Explanation

A. Nocturia (frequent urination at night) is a common symptom of BPH due to increased urinary retention and urgency.
B. Fever and chills are not associated with BPH; these symptoms suggest an infection or other underlying condition.
C. Increased urinary frequency is a key symptom of BPH due to pressure on the urethra, making it more difficult to empty the bladder completely.
D. Hesitancy in starting urine flow is common in BPH due to the obstruction of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
E. Hematuria is not a typical finding of BPH, though it can sometimes occur if the prostate is irritated.
F. Abdominal distension is not typically associated with BPH.
G. Decreased urinary stream is often observed in BPH because the enlarged prostate compresses the urethra, making urination difficult.

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A 65-year-old patient with a history of osteoarthritis reports increased pain and stiffness in the knees, particularly in the morning and after prolonged inactivity. Which intervention is most appropriate to recommend to this patient to help alleviate these symptoms?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 68-year-old male patient is presenting with urinary incontinence. Which characteristics are commonly associated with overflow incontinence and functional incontinence? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","E"]

Explanation

A 68-year-old male patient presents with symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which findings are consistent with BPH? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","G"]

Explanation

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