A 65-year-old female presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, shortness of breath, and pallor. Her hemoglobin level is 9 g/dL. Which of the following clinical manifestations is most likely associated with her anemia?

Increased appetite.

Fatigue.

Weight gain.

Hypertension.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason:

Increased appetite is not typically associated with anemia. Anemia generally leads to symptoms related to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, such as fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. Increased appetite is more commonly linked to other conditions, such as hyperthyroidism or certain metabolic disorders.

Choice B Reason:

Fatigue is a common and significant symptom of anemia. When hemoglobin levels are low, the body’s tissues do not receive adequate oxygen, leading to feelings of tiredness and exhaustion. This is because hemoglobin is responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. In anemia, the reduced oxygen delivery results in decreased energy levels and persistent fatigue.

Choice C Reason:

Weight gain is not typically associated with anemia. In fact, some forms of anemia, such as those caused by chronic diseases or malnutrition, may lead to weight loss rather than gain. Weight gain can be associated with other health issues, such as hypothyroidism or fluid retention, but not directly with anemia.

Choice D Reason:

Hypertension is not a common manifestation of anemia. Anemia usually leads to symptoms like pallor, shortness of breath, and fatigue due to the reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is more commonly associated with cardiovascular diseases, kidney disorders, or endocrine conditions.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Preparing the patient for immediate surgical intervention is not the first-line treatment for hemophilia-related joint bleeding. Surgery is considered only if there is severe damage or if conservative measures fail. Initial management focuses on controlling bleeding and reducing inflammation.

Choice B Reason:

Administering aspirin for pain relief is contraindicated in patients with hemophilia. Aspirin inhibits platelet function and can exacerbate bleeding. Alternative pain management strategies that do not affect clotting should be used.

Choice C Reason:

Applying ice to the affected knee and elevating the leg is the most appropriate initial intervention. Ice helps to reduce swelling and pain, while elevation minimizes blood flow to the area, helping to control bleeding. This conservative approach is crucial in managing acute hemarthrosis in hemophilia patients.

Choice D Reason:

Performing passive range of motion exercises on the affected knee is not recommended during the acute phase of hemarthrosis. Movement can increase bleeding and worsen the condition. Rest and immobilization are preferred until the bleeding is controlled.

A. Instruct the patient to elevate the arm above the heart immediately after the procedure. B. Apply firm pressure to the site for at least 10 minutes after the procedure. C. Avoid using a tourniquet during the procedure. D. Use a larger gauge needle to ensure quicker blood flow.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A: Instruct the patient to elevate the arm above the heart immediately after the procedure

Elevating the arm above the heart can help reduce blood flow to the area, potentially minimizing bleeding. However, this method alone is not sufficient to ensure proper hemostasis, especially in patients with thrombocytopenia. Applying direct pressure to the puncture site is more effective in stopping bleeding and preventing hematoma formation.

Choice B: Apply firm pressure to the site for at least 10 minutes after the procedure

Applying firm pressure to the venipuncture site is crucial in patients with thrombocytopenia to ensure proper clotting and prevent bleeding. This method helps in forming a stable clot at the puncture site, reducing the risk of prolonged bleeding and hematoma formation. Given the patient’s low platelet count, maintaining pressure for an extended period is essential to achieve hemostasis.

Choice C: Avoid using a tourniquet during the procedure

While avoiding a tourniquet might seem beneficial to reduce pressure on the veins, it is not a standard practice to minimize bleeding risk in thrombocytopenic patients. Tourniquets are typically used to make veins more prominent for easier access during venipuncture. The key to minimizing bleeding is proper post-procedure care, such as applying firm pressure to the site.

Choice D: Use a larger gauge needle to ensure quicker blood flow

Using a larger gauge needle is not advisable for patients with thrombocytopenia. Larger needles can cause more trauma to the vein, increasing the risk of bleeding and hematoma formation. Instead, using the smallest gauge needle that can effectively draw blood is recommended to minimize vein damage.

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A 65-year-old female presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, shortness of breath, and pallor. Her hemoglobin level is 9 g/dL. Which of the following clinical manifestations is most likely associated with her anemia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 20-year-old male patient with a known history of hemophilia A is brought to the emergency department with swelling and pain in his right knee after a minor fall. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial nursing intervention?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A 55-year-old patient with thrombocytopenia is scheduled for a venipuncture procedure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to minimize the risk of bleeding?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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