A 6-year-old child is showing behaviors such as excessive handwashing and reluctance to use the bathroom independently. According to Freud’s psychosexual theory, fixation at which stage is most likely contributing to these behaviors?
Phallic stage
Oral stage
Latency stage
Anal stage
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: The phallic stage (ages 3–6) involves focus on genital awareness and resolving the Oedipus/Electra complex. This stage does not explain compulsive cleanliness or bathroom avoidance.
Choice B reason: The oral stage (birth–1 year) relates to feeding and oral gratification. Fixation here leads to dependency or oral habits such as smoking, not excessive handwashing.
Choice C reason: The latency stage (ages 6–12) emphasizes social development, friendships, and learning rather than obsessive cleanliness. It does not explain the observed behaviors.
Choice D reason: The anal stage (ages 1–3) centers around toilet training and control over elimination. Fixation here may cause compulsive behaviors like cleanliness, orderliness, or avoidance of bathroom-related tasks, making it the best explanation for the child’s behavior.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: When anxiety is severe, the client cannot focus or process complex discussions. Asking them to explore worries may overwhelm them further.
Choice B reason: Providing extensive information is inappropriate in crisis moments because the client’s concentration and comprehension are impaired.
Choice C reason: Clear, calm, and brief communication helps reduce overstimulation, provides structure, and reassures the client during high anxiety. This is the most therapeutic choice.
Choice D reason: Rapid statements can escalate the client’s sense of being overwhelmed, increasing anxiety rather than calming it.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This presentation is consistent with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), a rare but life-threatening reaction to antipsychotics characterized by severe muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction. Immediate discontinuation of the drug and emergency treatment are required.
Choice B reason: Restlessness and inability to sit still are signs of akathisia, an extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotics. While distressing and requiring management, it is not life-threatening compared to NMS.
Choice C reason: A flat affect and reduced speech are negative symptoms of schizophrenia and may persist despite treatment. These are concerning for quality of life but do not require urgent medical intervention.
Choice D reason: Mild weight gain is a known side effect of many antipsychotics. It should be monitored and managed with lifestyle modifications but does not represent an immediate threat.
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