A 6-year-old child is showing behaviors such as excessive handwashing and reluctance to use the bathroom independently. According to Freud’s psychosexual theory, fixation at which stage is most likely contributing to these behaviors?

A 40-year-old male patient diagnosed with Schizoid Personality Disorder has been admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit. He consistently avoids group therapy, speaks minimally with staff, and prefers solitary activities. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to support this patient’s care plan?

A client with schizophrenia who has a history of paranoid delusions asks the nurse, "Are you giving me something to poison me?" The nurse knows the client is receiving an antipsychotic medication. Applying the ethical principle of veracity, which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

A client with schizophrenia is prescribed olanzapine. During a follow-up visit, the client reports increased appetite and weight gain. Which nursing action is most appropriate to address this concern?

A client is exhibiting signs of severe anxiety, including hyperventilation, restlessness, and difficulty concentrating. Which communication approach should the nurse use to effectively support the client during this crisis?

A client recently diagnosed with cancer continues to miss follow-up appointments and states, "The doctors must have made a mistake—there’s no way I’m that sick." According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, which defense mechanism is the client most likely using?

Carl Rogers emphasized a humanistic approach in mental health nursing. Which of the following core concepts is central to his theory and therapeutic work?

A 25-year-old client is hospitalized for severe anxiety. During the assessment, the nurse notices the client clutches a childhood stuffed animal and speaks in a childlike voice when discussing stressful life events. Which defense mechanism is the client most likely using?

At the first meeting of a group at a daycare center for older adults, the nurse asks one of the members what kinds of things the client would like to do with the group. The older adult shrugs and says, "You tell me. You're the leader." What would be the best response for the nurse to make?

A client with a history of major depressive disorder with psychotic features was rescued before jumping off a dam. The client is pacing, picking at the arms, and repeatedly mumbling, "I have to die. You cannot stop me." When the health care provider recommends electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as the initial treatment, the client’s spouse says to the nurse, "I can’t allow such a cruel treatment. Why can’t they just give my spouse medication?" Which is the best response by the nurse?

The nurse plans care for a client newly admitted with obsessive-compulsive disorder who is repeatedly counting magazines in the commons room. Which of the following should the nurse include in the initial plan of care? (Select all that apply.)