A 5-year-old child with a history of a waddling gait and frequent falls is brought into the hospital for diagnostic testing.
When explaining the diagnostic testing to the parents, the nurse should provide information based on which understanding of the underlying disease pathology?

Systemic autoimmune vasculopathy.

Autonomic neuropathy.

Impaired neuron function.

Muscle fiber degeneration.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale:

Systemic autoimmune vasculopathy is not a typical underlying disease pathology associated with a waddling gait and frequent falls in a 5-year-old child. This choice is not relevant to the symptoms described.

Choice B rationale:

Autonomic neuropathy may manifest with a variety of symptoms, including autonomic dysregulation, but it is not a common underlying pathology leading to a waddling gait and frequent falls in a child. This choice is not relevant to the symptoms described.

Choice C rationale:

Impaired neuron function can result in various neurological symptoms, but it does not specifically explain the waddling gait and frequent falls in a 5-year-old child. This choice is not relevant to the symptoms described.

Choice D rationale:

Muscle fiber degeneration is the most appropriate explanation for the symptoms of a waddling gait and frequent falls in a 5-year-old child. These symptoms are indicative of a neuromuscular disorder known as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), which involves progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. DMD is characterized by the loss of muscle fibers and is a common cause of a waddling gait and falls in affected children. Therefore, choice D is the correct answer based on the understanding of the underlying disease pathology.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

4012 mg/day is not the correct answer. To calculate the maximum safe dosage of valproic acid, you need to convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms. The client's weight in kilograms can be calculated by dividing the weight in pounds by 2.2. Therefore, 176 pounds divided by 2.2 equals 80 kilograms. The maximum safe dosage is 60 mg/kg/day, so 60 mg multiplied by 80 kg equals 4800 mg/day.

Choice B rationale:

Step 1: Convert the client’s weight from pounds to kilograms. We know that 1 kg is approximately equal to 2.2 pounds. So, we have:

176 pounds ÷ 2.2 = 80 kg (approximately)

Step 2: Calculate the maximum safe dosage for the client. We know that the maximum safe dosage of valproic acid is 60 mg/kg/day. So, we have:

60 mg/kg/day × 80 kg = 4800 mg/day

So, the maximum safe dosage for a client who weighs 176 pounds is4800 mg/day.

Choice C rationale:

3520 mg/day is not the correct answer. It does not accurately calculate the maximum safe dosage based on the client's weight.

Choice D rationale:

6171 mg/day is not the correct answer. It is significantly higher than the correct calculation and would exceed the maximum safe dosage for the client's weight.

A. Decreased heart rate B. Increased contractility C. Dilated coronary arteries D. Reduced blood pressure E. Relieved chest pain.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker and is expected to decrease heart rate by inhibiting calcium influx into cardiac cells, particularly in the SA (sinoatrial) node, where it can slow down the heart's electrical impulses.

Choice B rationale:

Increased contractility is not an expected outcome of verapamil use. In fact, verapamil's main action is to decrease myocardial contractility, making it useful for treating conditions like angina and atrial fibrillation.

Choice C rationale:

Verapamil is known to dilate coronary arteries, which can improve blood flow to the heart muscle and relieve symptoms of angina.

Choice D rationale:

Reduced blood pressure is an expected outcome of verapamil use due to its vasodilatory effects on peripheral blood vessels. This can be beneficial in treating hypertension and angina.

Choice E rationale:

Relieved chest pain is an expected outcome of verapamil use, particularly in the case of variant angina (Prinzmetal's angina), as it helps to relax coronary arteries and reduce coronary artery spasm, which is a common cause of chest pain in this condition.

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A 5-year-old child with a history of a waddling gait and frequent falls is brought into the hospital for diagnostic testing. When explaining the diagnostic testing to the parents, the nurse should provide information based on which understanding of the underlying disease pathology?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client who receives a prescription for valproic acid in which the maximum safe dosage is 60 mg/kg/day. How many mg/day is the maximum safe dosage for a client who weighs 176 pounds? (Enter numerical value only.).

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has variant angina and is prescribed verapamil. Which of the following are expected outcomes of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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A 5-year-old child with a history of a waddling gait and frequent falls is brought into the hospital for diagnostic testing.
When explaining the diagnostic testing to the parents, the nurse should provide information based on which understanding of the underlying disease pathology?