A 40-year-old client reports chronic lower back pain and stiffness. X-rays of the lumbar spine confirm the diagnosis of moderate to severe osteoarthritis. The nurse identifies which predisposing factor may have led to these degenerative changes?
Weekly aerobic exercise at a gym
Vitamin D deficiency
Weight of <60 kg
Trauma
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason:
Weekly aerobic exercise at a gym is generally beneficial for joint health and is not a predisposing factor for osteoarthritis. Regular physical activity helps maintain joint flexibility, muscle strength, and overall health, which can actually help prevent the development of osteoarthritis.
Choice B Reason:
Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of osteoarthritis. Vitamin D is essential for bone health, and a deficiency can lead to changes in bone structure and strength, potentially contributing to the development and progression of osteoarthritis.
Choice C Reason:
A weight of less than 60 kg does not typically predispose an individual to osteoarthritis. In fact, maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of developing osteoarthritis, as excess body weight can increase the stress on joints.
Choice D Reason:
Trauma can lead to post-traumatic osteoarthritis, which is a form of osteoarthritis that develops after an injury to a joint. Traumatic injuries can damage the cartilage and bone, leading to degenerative changes and osteoarthritis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice a reason:
For individuals with Crohn's disease, eating three large meals may not be the best approach as it can overwhelm the digestive system. Smaller, more frequent meals are often recommended to ease the digestion process and better manage symptoms.
Choice b reason:
Drinking water during meals can help with digestion, but there is no specific requirement to limit it to ten ounces. Adequate hydration is important, but the amount should be tailored to individual needs and tolerances.
Choice c reason:
Choosing coffee over cola is not necessarily beneficial for Crohn's disease management. Both beverages can potentially irritate the gastrointestinal tract, and individuals with Crohn's disease are often advised to limit caffeine and carbonated drinks.
Choice d reason:
Increasing protein intake can be beneficial for clients with Crohn's disease, especially if they have experienced weight loss or malnutrition due to their condition. Protein is essential for healing and repair of tissues, and maintaining adequate protein levels is important for overall health.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason
Performing a bladder scan can help determine the volume of urine in the bladder and assess for urinary retention, which could contribute to bladder spasms. However, this is not typically the first intervention. The priority is to ensure that the catheter is patent and draining correctly, as blockages can cause immediate discomfort and increased spasms
Choice B Reason
Stopping the irrigation could be considered if there is a concern that the CBI is contributing to the spasms. However, this would not be the first action taken. It is essential first to assess the catheter's patency and the flow of the irrigation to rule out any obstruction or kinking causing the spasms.
Choice C Reason
Administering an oral analgesic may help alleviate the discomfort caused by bladder spasms, but it does not address the underlying cause. Pain relief is important, but the initial step should be to check for and resolve any mechanical issues with the catheter system that could be causing the spasms.
Choice D Reason
Ensuring that the catheter is draining properly is the first and most crucial intervention. If the catheter is blocked or kinked, it can cause bladder distention and increased spasms. Checking the catheter's patency and the flow of irrigation can quickly resolve the issue and provide relief to the patient. If the catheter is found to be obstructed, resolving the blockage can decrease the severity of the spasms and improve the patient's comfort.
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