A 10-year-old boy tells a nurse that he wants to give his kidney to his grandfather. How many years of age should the nurse explain that kidney donors must be?

At least 18 years old

At least 16 years old

At least 14 years old

At least 21 years old

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. At least 18 years old: Kidney donors must legally be adults (18 years or older) to provide informed consent for the procedure.

B. At least 16 years old: Minors cannot give legal consent for organ donation.

C. At least 14 years old: This is below the age of legal adulthood and eligibility for kidney donation.

D. At least 21 years old: The minimum age for kidney donation is 18, not 21.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. It gives more independence and more closely resembles normal kidney function: Peritoneal dialysis allows patients to manage treatment at home, providing more flexibility and independence, and it mimics the kidney's natural filtration process.

B. It has literally no drawbacks: While peritoneal dialysis has benefits, potential complications include peritonitis, catheter infections, and hyperglycemia from the dialysis solution.

C. It usually does not work very well and has many complications, such as a high blood sugar level: While hyperglycemia can occur, this exaggerates the risks and misrepresents the effectiveness of peritoneal dialysis.

D. It is a lot more work than hemodialysis, in which the health care staff takes care of everything: While it requires self-management, the workload depends on individual circumstances and training.

A. Interstitial cystitis (although rare in a male patient) B. Cystitis, probably from bacterial contamination C. Urinary calculi, probably located in the ureter D. Kidney infection, most likely pyelonephritis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Interstitial cystitis (although rare in a male patient): Interstitial cystitis is a chronic condition typically diagnosed after other causes, like infection, are ruled out.

B. Cystitis, probably from bacterial contamination: Symptoms such as urgency, frequency, suprapubic pain, and cloudy urine strongly suggest a urinary tract infection (UTI), specifically bacterial cystitis.

C. Urinary calculi, probably located in the ureter: While urinary calculi may cause similar symptoms, dark cloudy urine is more indicative of infection than stones.

D. Kidney infection, most likely pyelonephritis: Pyelonephritis typically presents with systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, and flank pain, which are not described here.

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A 10-year-old boy tells a nurse that he wants to give his kidney to his grandfather. How many years of age should the nurse explain that kidney donors must be?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient comes to the medical clinic with complaints of urgency, frequency, pain in the area of the symphysis pubis, and dark cloudy urine. What should the nurse suspect that this patient has?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a patient with an atrioventricular (AV) fistula in the forearm and assesses that a trill is absent when palpating the venous side of the fistula. What action should the nurse implement?

What is true about the urine osmolality when the kidney is adequately functioning?

The first time that a client voids after cystoscopy, the nurse observes pink-tinged urine. What is the appropriate nursing response?

A home health patient diagnosed with cystitis has been prescribed the medication phenazopyridine (Pyridium). When providing patient teaching, what should the nurse caution the patient about?

A patient has a nephrostomy tube that has been inserted because of an obstruction in the ureter. What special precautions in the care of the nephrostomy tube should the nurse implement?

A client reports a painful, burning sensation during urination. Which term should the nurse use to document this symptom?

The nurse is preparing to administer a single-dose packet of fosfomycin to a patient diagnosed with a UTI. When preparing this medication, the nurse will:

Erythropoietin is a hormone produced by the kidney. What will a deficiency of erythropoietin in a patient in chronic renal failure result in?