You enter a two-year-old patient's room and see the pulse oximeter reading 55% oxygen saturation. Your first action would be to:
Call the physician.
Place the patient on 10 L/min oxygen per nasal cannula.
Assess the patient.
Administer oxygen and monitor vital signs while calling the physician.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Calling the physician is not the first action because it would delay the immediate intervention of oxygen administration, which is critical for a patient with hypoxia. The physician should be notified after initiating oxygen therapy and assessing the patient's condition.
Choice B reason: Placing the patient on 10 L/min oxygen per nasal cannula is not the first action because it is too high of a flow rate for a two-year-old patient, and it could cause oxygen toxicity or barotrauma. The appropriate oxygen delivery device and flow rate should be determined based on the patient's age, weight, and clinical status.
Choice C reason: Assessing the patient is not the first action because it would also delay the immediate intervention of oxygen administration. The patient's pulse oximetry reading indicates severe hypoxia, which requires prompt treatment to prevent organ damage or death. The patient should be assessed after initiating oxygen therapy and monitoring vital signs.
Choice D reason: Administering oxygen and monitoring vital signs while calling the physician is the correct answer because it provides the most effective and timely response to the patient's hypoxia. Oxygen administration improves the patient's oxygen saturation and tissue perfusion, while vital sign monitoring helps to evaluate the patient's response to therapy and identify any complications. Calling the physician informs them of the situation and allows them to order further interventions or tests as needed.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This situation does not require the involvement of the hospital ethics committee, as the parents are not refusing or requesting any treatment that is contrary to the standard of care. The surgeon is providing them with information and options, and the parents are free to make their own decision.
Choice B reason: This situation does not involve any ethical dilemma, as the parents are giving their permission for the surgery, and the telephone consent is legally valid. The hospital ethics committee is not needed to resolve any conflict or uncertainty.
Choice C reason: This situation is an example of ethical research involving children, as the child is giving assent and the parents are giving consent for the new protocol. The hospital ethics committee is not required to intervene, as the research protocol has already been approved by the institutional review board.
Choice D reason: This situation is an appropriate case for the hospital ethics committee, as it involves a life-and-death decision that affects the child's best interests and the parents' rights. The hospital ethics committee can help to mediate the conflict, provide guidance, and facilitate a resolution.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This response is correct because a sweat chloride test is the gold standard for diagnosing CF. CF is a genetic disorder that affects the function of the chloride channels in the cells, leading to thick and sticky mucus in various organs. A sweat chloride test measures the amount of chloride in the sweat, which is abnormally high in people with CF.
Choice B reason: This response is not correct because serum calcium is not related to CF. Serum calcium is a measure of the amount of calcium in the blood, which is influenced by factors such as diet, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and kidney function.
Choice C reason: This response is not correct because bronchoscopy is not a diagnostic test for CF. Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves inserting a flexible tube with a camera into the airways to examine the lungs and collect samples. Bronchoscopy may be used to treat complications of CF, such as mucus plugs or infections, but it is not essential for establishing the diagnosis.
Choice D reason: This response is not correct because urine creatinine is not a diagnostic test for CF. Urine creatinine is a measure of the amount of creatinine, a waste product of muscle metabolism, in the urine. Urine creatinine reflects the kidney function and muscle mass, but it is not affected by CF.
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