While conducting a physical examination of the cardiovascular system, the nurse hears fine crackles on auscultation of the lungs. This finding is most likely a manifestation of which problem?

Dextrocardia

Hypertension

Palpitations

Left-sided heart failure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Dextrocardia is a condition where the heart is located on the right side of the chest and does not typically cause crackles in the lungs.

B. Hypertension may lead to cardiovascular complications but is not directly associated with crackles in the lungs.

C. Palpitations are related to sensations of irregular or rapid heartbeats, not crackles in the lungs.

D. Fine crackles in the lungs are often associated with left-sided heart failure due to fluid accumulation in the lungs from compromised cardiac function.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Systolic murmur: Systolic murmurs occur during systole and include conditions like aortic stenosis or mitral regurgitation.

B. Diastolic murmur: Aortic insufficiency/regurgitation occurs during diastole when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow back into the left ventricle.

C. Absent murmur: Aortic insufficiency/regurgitation is not classified as absent; it is detectable with auscultation.

D. Very faint murmur: Although aortic regurgitation murmurs can vary in intensity, the classification pertains to the timing of the murmur, not its loudness.

A. Flexible sigmoidoscopy B. Double contrast barium enema C. Fecal occult blood test D. Upper endoscopy E. Colonoscopy

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Flexible sigmoidoscopy: This test is recommended for colorectal cancer screening and can detect abnormalities in the lower part of the colon.

B. Double contrast barium enema: This test is used in colorectal cancer screening to provide images of the colon and rectum.

C. Fecal occult blood test: This test detects hidden blood in the stool, which can be an early sign of colorectal cancer.

D. Upper endoscopy: This test examines the upper gastrointestinal tract, not used for colorectal cancer screening.

E. Colonoscopy: This test is a primary screening method for colorectal cancer, allowing for direct visualization and biopsy of the colon.

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While conducting a physical examination of the cardiovascular system, the nurse hears fine crackles on auscultation of the lungs. This finding is most likely a manifestation of which problem?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Aortic insufficiency/regurgitation murmur is classified as a:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse knows screening test(s) for colorectal cancer detection according to recommendations from the American Cancer Society (2018) includes? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

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