Which two conditions will cause dehydration and increase water requirements?
Choose 2 answers.
Hypotension
Blood clotting
Hypertension
Gastrointestinal (GI) fluid loss
Low body temperature
Weight gain
Correct Answer : A,D
A. Hypotension: When blood pressure drops, the body's ability to transport fluids and electrolytes is compromised, leading to fluid imbalances and ultimately dehydration.
B. Blood clotting: Blood clotting does not directly cause dehydration or increase water needs.
C. Hypertension: Hypertension does not typically cause dehydration; it is more often associated with fluid overload.
D. Gastrointestinal (GI) fluid loss: GI fluid loss, such as from vomiting or diarrhea, leads to dehydration and increases the body's need for water.
E. Low body temperature: While it might seem counterintuitive, low body temperature (hypothermia) can actually increase fluid loss through increased metabolic rate and shivering.
F. Weight gain: Weight gain is more often associated with fluid retention rather than dehydration.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Pernicious anemia is caused by a deficiency of intrinsic factor, leading to impaired absorption of vitamin B12, not hemolysis.
B. Anemia due to lack of Erythropoietin (EPO) is often related to chronic kidney disease and results from decreased red blood cell production, not hemolysis.
C. Anemia of chronic disease is usually due to chronic inflammation or infection and results from impaired red blood cell production, not hemolysis.
D. Sickle cell anemia is a form of hemolytic anemia where abnormal hemoglobin causes red blood cells to become rigid and sickle-shaped, leading to their premature destruction.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Shallow and decreased breathing secondary to COPD: The lab values indicate respiratory acidosis, which is characterized by a low pH (acidic), normal bicarbonate levels, and elevated PaCO2. This is consistent with hypoventilation, often seen in conditions like COPD, where shallow breathing leads to CO2 retention.
B. Hyperventilation secondary to a panic attack: Hyperventilation would cause respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis, characterized by a high pH and low PaCO2.
C. Increased renal HCO3 excretion due to kidney disease: This would lead to metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis, and would typically be associated with a low bicarbonate level.
D. Excessive H+ ion loss due to severe vomiting: Severe vomiting causes metabolic alkalosis due to loss of H+ ions, not respiratory acidosis.
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