Which therapeutic treatment is commonly implemented for children with Hirschsprung disease?

Low protein diet

Surgical removal of the affected section of the bowel

Permanent colostomy

Daily enemas

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason:

A low protein diet is not a therapeutic treatment for Hirschsprung disease. Hirschsprung disease is a congenital condition characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the distal colon, leading to a lack of peristalsis and functional obstruction. Dietary modifications, such as a low protein diet, do not address the underlying issue of the absence of nerve cells in the bowel. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice B reason:

Surgical removal of the affected section of the bowel is the primary treatment for Hirschsprung disease. This procedure, known as a pull-through surgery, involves removing the aganglionic segment of the colon and connecting the healthy part of the intestine to the anus. This surgery restores normal bowel function by allowing the passage of stool through the healthy, innervated portion of the intestine. The pull-through procedure can be performed using minimally invasive techniques, resulting in shorter recovery times and fewer complications.

Choice C reason:

A permanent colostomy is not typically the first-line treatment for Hirschsprung disease. While a temporary colostomy may be performed in some cases to allow the bowel to heal before a pull-through surgery, a permanent colostomy is usually reserved for more severe cases or when other surgical options are not feasible. The goal of treatment is to restore normal bowel function, and a permanent colostomy is generally considered a last resort.

Choice D reason:

Daily enemas are not a definitive treatment for Hirschsprung disease. While enemas may be used temporarily to relieve symptoms and manage bowel movements, they do not address the underlying cause of the condition. The absence of ganglion cells in the bowel requires surgical intervention to restore normal bowel function. Therefore, daily enemas are not a long-term solution for Hirschsprung disease.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Walnuts are a source of protein and contain phenylalanine, an amino acid that individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) must limit in their diet. While nuts can be a healthy snack for most people, they are not suitable for those with PKU due to their high phenylalanine content. Therefore, walnuts are not the best choice for children with PKU.

Choice B reason:

Cow’s milk is another source of protein and contains significant amounts of phenylalanine. Dairy products, including milk, cheese, and yogurt, are generally high in protein and should be avoided by individuals with PKU. Consuming cow’s milk can lead to elevated levels of phenylalanine in the blood, which can be harmful to children with PKU.

Choice C reason:

Bananas are a fruit that contains very low levels of phenylalanine. Fruits and vegetables are generally safe for individuals with PKU as they are low in protein and phenylalanine. Bananas, in particular, are a good option for children with PKU as they provide essential nutrients without contributing to high phenylalanine levels.

Choice D reason:

Diet soda with aspartame should be avoided by individuals with PKU because aspartame is an artificial sweetener that contains phenylalanine. Consuming products with aspartame can lead to an increase in phenylalanine levels in the blood, which can be harmful to those with PKU. Therefore, diet soda with aspartame is not a suitable choice for children with PKU.

A. Cleansing the suture line, upright position, arm restraints B. Mouth irrigations, prone position, cleansing the suture line C. Frequent oral suction, spoon feed, give them a teething toy D. Arm restraints, postural drainage, mouth irrigations

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Cleansing the suture line, maintaining an upright position, and using arm restraints are crucial aspects of postoperative care for an infant after cleft lip repair. Cleansing the suture line helps prevent infection and promotes healing. Keeping the infant in an upright position reduces the risk of aspiration and helps with breathing. Arm restraints prevent the infant from touching or rubbing the surgical site, which could disrupt the healing process.

Choice B Reason:

Mouth irrigations and a prone position are not recommended for postoperative care after cleft lip repair. Mouth irrigations can be too harsh for the delicate surgical site, and a prone position (lying face down) can increase the risk of aspiration and breathing difficulties. Cleansing the suture line is important, but the other aspects of this choice are not suitable.

Choice C Reason:

Frequent oral suction and spoon feeding are not appropriate for an infant after cleft lip repair. Oral suction can be too aggressive and may damage the surgical site. Spoon feeding is not recommended as it can put pressure on the healing lip. Giving a teething toy is also not advisable as it can cause the infant to put objects in their mouth, potentially harming the surgical site.

Choice D Reason:

Arm restraints are indeed necessary to prevent the infant from touching the surgical site. However, postural drainage and mouth irrigations are not suitable for postoperative care after cleft lip repair. Postural drainage is not relevant to this condition, and mouth irrigations can be too harsh for the healing tissue.

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Which therapeutic treatment is commonly implemented for children with Hirschsprung disease?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following food choices contains the least amount of phenylalanine for children with PKU?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is caring for an infant whose cleft lip was repaired. What important aspects of this infant’s postoperative care should be included?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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