Which signs may be positive in the patient with meningitis?

Kernig and Brudzinski sign

Patellar reflex

Pupillary reflex

Blumberg sign

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Kernig's sign is positive when there is pain and resistance to extending the leg at the knee when the hip is flexed, and Brudzinski's sign is positive when the client involuntarily flexes their knees and hips when the neck is flexed. These are both signs of meningeal irritation, which is characteristic of meningitis.

B. The patellar reflex is a deep tendon reflex that assesses the function of the L2-L4 spinal nerves. It is not specific to meningitis and would not be a primary indicator.

C. The pupillary reflex assesses the response of the pupils to light and is not specific to meningitis. It can be affected by various neurological conditions, but it is not a primary sign of meningitis.

D. Blumberg's sign is associated with peritonitis and indicates rebound tenderness in the abdomen. It is not related to meningitis, which affects the central nervous system rather than the abdominal cavity.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

A. Turn the client to the side is the correct action to prevent aspiration, but restraining the client is not appropriate. Restraint can cause injury and should never be used during a seizure. The client should be allowed to move freely during the seizure, and positioning them on their side helps maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration.

B. Time the duration of the seizure is essential for monitoring the length of the seizure. This helps the nurse determine if the seizure is prolonged or if medical intervention is necessary.

C. Administer supplemental oxygen to the client is appropriate if the client is experiencing apnea or breathing difficulties during the seizure. The nurse should ensure the oxygen equipment is ready and functioning to provide supplemental oxygen if needed.

D. Placing a tongue depressor in the client's mouth is not recommended during a seizure. This can cause injury to the client’s mouth, teeth, or airway and does not prevent biting the tongue. Instead, the nurse should focus on protecting the client's airway and preventing aspiration.

A. His lower body and legs are extremely weak. B. He is unable to move his lower body and legs. C. He has temporarily lost motor and sensory functions below the waist. D. He cannot move anything from the neck down.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Weakness in the lower body is not an accurate description of paraplegia. Paraplegia refers to the loss of function, not just weakness.

B. Paraplegia refers to the loss of motor and sensory function in the lower body, including the legs, due to a spinal cord injury, typically below the level of the injury. This is the most accurate response.

C. Temporary loss of motor and sensory functions is more characteristic of conditions like spinal shock, not paraplegia. Paraplegia refers to permanent impairment following spinal cord injury.

D. The description of loss of movement from the neck down is characteristic of quadriplegia (or tetraplegia), not paraplegia, which specifically involves the lower body.

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Which signs may be positive in the patient with meningitis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a seizure disorder. Exhibits Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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