Which of the following statements regarding hypertonic (3%) sodium chloride is correct?

Hypertonic fluids are contraindicated in patients with cerebral edema.

Hypertonic saline may be administered to shift fluid out of brain tissue.

Hypertonic saline is most often used for clients in hypernatremia.

Hypertonic fluids are administered to promote increased brain tissue hydration.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Hypertonic fluids are not contraindicated in patients with cerebral edema. In fact, they are often used to reduce cerebral swelling by drawing fluid out of the brain tissue into the bloodstream.
B. Hypertonic saline (3%) is used to shift fluid out of brain tissue in conditions such as cerebral edema. It creates an osmotic gradient, pulling water from the intracellular space into the extracellular and vascular compartments, reducing intracranial pressure.
C. Hypertonic saline is not used for clients with hypernatremia because it would exacerbate the condition by further increasing sodium levels.
D. Hypertonic fluids do not promote hydration of brain tissue. Instead, they work to reduce excess fluid in the brain by creating an osmotic effect.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Excessive thirst (polydipsia) is a common symptom of hyperglycemia due to dehydration caused by increased urination.
B. Anxiety and tremors are more commonly associated with hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), not hyperglycemia.
C. Excessive urination (polyuria) is a hallmark of hyperglycemia as the body attempts to excrete excess glucose through urine.
D. "Acetone" or "fruity" breath odor is a characteristic sign of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which can occur in severe hyperglycemia.
E. Slow, shallow respirations are not typically associated with hyperglycemia but may occur in cases of respiratory acidosis or DKA, where Kussmaul's breathing (deep, rapid breathing) is more common.

Correct Answer is ["300"]

Explanation

· Calculate the time elapsed: From 0330 to 0600 is 2.5 hours.

· Calculate the total volume infused: 2.5 hours X 120 mL/hour = 300 mL

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Which of the following statements regarding hypertonic (3%) sodium chloride is correct?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse recognizes which of the following as signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia? (Select All that Apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who had IV fluids initiated at 0330. The IV fluids are infusing at 120 mL/hr. The nurse should record how many mL of IV fluids on the intake record at 0600?

Correct Answer is ["300"]

Explanation

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