The nurse recognizes which of the following as signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia? (Select All that Apply)

Excessive thirst

Anxiety and tremors

Excessive urination

"Acetone" or "fruity" breath odor

Slow, shallow respirations

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

A. Excessive thirst (polydipsia) is a common symptom of hyperglycemia due to dehydration caused by increased urination.
B. Anxiety and tremors are more commonly associated with hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), not hyperglycemia.
C. Excessive urination (polyuria) is a hallmark of hyperglycemia as the body attempts to excrete excess glucose through urine.
D. "Acetone" or "fruity" breath odor is a characteristic sign of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which can occur in severe hyperglycemia.
E. Slow, shallow respirations are not typically associated with hyperglycemia but may occur in cases of respiratory acidosis or DKA, where Kussmaul's breathing (deep, rapid breathing) is more common.

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Correct Answer is ["125"]

Explanation

Determine the infusion time: The total dose is 40 mEq, and it's being infused at a rate of 10 mEq/hr.
Therefore, the total infusion time is 40 mEq / 10 mEq/hr = 4 hours.
Calculate the infusion rate in mL/hr: The total volume is 500 mL, and the infusion time is 4 hours.
So, the infusion rate is 500 mL / 4 hours = 125 mL/hr.

A. Antihypertensive medication B. Fluid replacement C. Potassium laboratory monitoring D. Insulin IV infusion

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Antihypertensive medication is not a priority intervention for a client with a blood glucose level of 620 mg/dL, which indicates hyperglycemia, likely due to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). The focus should be on correcting the hyperglycemia and preventing complications like dehydration or electrolyte imbalances.
B. Fluid replacement is essential to treat dehydration caused by hyperglycemia, as high blood glucose levels cause osmotic diuresis.
C. Potassium laboratory monitoring is crucial because insulin treatment can shift potassium into cells, potentially causing hypokalemia, so monitoring is necessary during treatment.
D. Insulin IV infusion is necessary to lower the blood glucose level in clients with severe hyperglycemia, such as in DKA or HHS.

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The nurse recognizes which of the following as signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia? (Select All that Apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer 40 mEq of potassium chloride in 45% sodium chloride (NaCl) 500 mL IV to infuse 10 mEq/hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["125"]

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with a blood glucose reading of 620 mg/dL. The nurse would expect all of the following interventions except which?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which assessment finding is most indicative of hypernatremia?

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