Which of the following routes is affected by the first-pass effect?
Oral (PO)
Intravenous (IV)
Intramuscular (M)
Subcutaneous (SC)
The Correct Answer is A
A. The first-pass effect refers to the metabolism of a drug in the liver before it reaches systemic circulation. This primarily affects oral medications, as they are absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and first pass through the liver.
B. Intravenous (IV) drugs bypass the first-pass effect as they are directly introduced into the bloodstream.
C. Intramuscular (IM) and D. Subcutaneous (SC) routes also bypass the first-pass effect since the drug enters the bloodstream without passing through the liver initially.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This medication inhibits COX-2 receptors only: Celecoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor used to reduce inflammation and pain.
B. This medication inhibits mu and kappa receptors: Celecoxib does not affect opioid receptors.
C. This medication inhibits kappa receptors only: Celecoxib does not target kappa receptors.
D. This medication inhibits COX receptors only: Celecoxib specifically targets COX-2, not all cyclooxygenase receptors.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Digoxin: This medication is used for heart failure and atrial fibrillation, not for constipation.
B. Sildenafil: This medication is used to treat erectile dysfunction, not constipation.
C. Lactulose: Lactulose is an osmotic laxative commonly used to treat constipation. It works by drawing water into the stool to make bowel movements easier.
D. Spironolactone: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic used to treat heart failure and fluid retention, not constipation.
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