Which of the following physiological responses occurs in response to a decrease in blood pressure?
Decrease in sodium reabsorption
Dilation of the afferent arteriole
Constriction of the efferent arteriole
Release of renin
The Correct Answer is D
a. Decrease in sodium reabsorption: This would lead to further lowering of blood pressure, which is not a compensatory response.
b. Dilation of the afferent arteriole: This typically increases glomerular filtration rate but is not a primary response to decreased blood pressure.
c. Constriction of the efferent arteriole: This response helps to increase glomerular pressure but is secondary to other mechanisms.
d. Release of renin: Renin is released by the kidneys in response to low blood pressure, initiating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to increase blood pressure by conserving sodium and water and constricting blood vessels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. Sebaceous: Sebaceous glands are located near hair follicles and produce sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the hair and skin, preventing dryness and keeping it supple.
b. Eccrine: Eccrine glands are sweat glands located throughout the skin and help regulate body temperature through sweating.
c. Ceruminous: Ceruminous glands are located in the ear canal and produce cerumen (earwax) which protects the inner ear from dust, debris, and insects.
d. Apocrine: Apocrine glands are sweat glands located in areas like the armpits and groin. They produce a thicker sweat that takes on an odor when broken down by bacteria.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Pathogen: A pathogen is a disease-causing organism like bacteria, virus, or parasite. It can trigger an immune response, but not necessarily a hypersensitivity reaction.
b. Allergen: An allergen is a foreign substance (like pollen, dust mites, or food) that can trigger an immune response in an already sensitized individual. This response can lead to allergy symptoms like hay fever or anaphylaxis
c. Immunogen: An immunogen is any substance that can trigger an immune response, but not necessarily a hypersensitivity reaction. It can be a pathogen, allergen, or other foreign substance.
d. Fibrinogen: Fibrinogen is a blood protein involved in blood clotting, not allergic reactions.
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