Which of the following is an advantage of percutaneous transluminal balloon valvuloplasty over valve replacement in treating mitral stenosis?
Avoids the need for lifelong anticoagulant therapy
Can be performed under local anesthesia
Provides permanent correction of the valve defect
Has a lower risk of infection compared to valve replacement.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Percutaneous transluminal balloon valvuloplasty (PTBV) is a minimally invasive procedure that dilates the stenotic mitral valve without replacing it. Since no prosthetic valve is implanted, clients typically do not require lifelong anticoagulation, which is a major advantage over mechanical valve replacement.
B. While PTBV is less invasive than open surgery, it usually requires moderate sedation or general anesthesia for patient comfort and safety. Local anesthesia alone is rarely sufficient.
C. PTBV improves valve opening temporarily, but valve restenosis can occur over time, so the correction is not necessarily permanent. Valve replacement provides a more long-term solution.
D. While PTBV avoids prosthetic material and thus may reduce some infection risks, infection is generally not the primary concern with valve replacement, and the overall difference in infection risk is not a primary advantage cited for PTBV.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Catheter ablation does not directly improve myocardial contractility; its purpose is focused on electrical conduction rather than muscle strength.
B. While controlling ventricular response may occur with medications, ablation targets the atrial electrical pathways rather than directly controlling ventricular rate.
C. Anticoagulation decisions depend on stroke risk (e.g., CHA₂DS₂-VASc score); ablation does not automatically remove the need for anticoagulants.
D. The primary goal of catheter ablation in atrial fibrillation is to eliminate abnormal electrical pathways causing arrhythmia, thereby restoring and maintaining normal sinus rhythm and reducing symptoms.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. This is a long-term treatment for recurrent VT or other arrhythmias. It is not an immediate intervention for acute, unstable VT.
B. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is performed only if the client is pulseless and unresponsive. While CPR may be necessary in cardiac arrest, it is not the first-line intervention for VT with a pulse.
C. Synchronized cardioversion is used for hemodynamically stable VT with a pulse, but the term “elective” implies a planned procedure, not emergency management.
D. For pulseless VT or VT causing severe instability (e.g., hypotension, altered mental status), defibrillation is the immediate lifesaving intervention. It delivers an unsynchronized shock to restore normal cardiac rhythm.
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