Which of the following is a positive sign of pregnancy that can only be exhibited by a pregnant woman?
Fetal heartbeat auscultated with Doppler/fetoscope.
Quickening
Morning sickness
Positive pregnancy test
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: A fetal heartbeat auscultated with a Doppler or a fetoscope is a positive sign of pregnancy, as it confirms the presence of a living fetus in the uterus. A Doppler is an electronic device that uses sound waves to detect the fetal heart rate, while a fetoscope is a stethoscope-like instrument that amplifies the fetal heart sounds. The fetal heartbeat can be heard as early as 10 to 12 weeks of gestation with a Doppler and 18 to 20 weeks of gestation with a fetoscope.
Choice B reason: Quickening is the first perception of fetal movement by the pregnant woman, usually felt between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation for first-time mothers and 13 to 16 weeks of gestation for experienced mothers. However, quickening is not a positive sign of pregnancy, as it can be subjective and mistaken for other sensations, such as gas, hunger, or muscle spasms².
Choice C reason: Morning sickness is a common symptom of pregnancy that involves nausea and vomiting, usually in the first trimester. However, morning sickness is not a positive sign of pregnancy, as it can be caused by other factors, such as food poisoning, stress, or medication.
Choice D reason: A positive pregnancy test is a probable sign of pregnancy, not a positive sign. A pregnancy test detects the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone produced by the placenta, in the urine or blood of the woman. However, a positive pregnancy test does not guarantee a viable pregnancy, as it can be influenced by the timing, the quality, or the interpretation of the test. A positive pregnancy test can also occur in cases of ectopic pregnancy, molar pregnancy, or miscarriage.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Biophysical profile is a test that assesses the fetal well-being by measuring five parameters: fetal breathing movements, fetal movements, fetal tone, amniotic fluid volume, and fetal heart rate. It does not predict chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus.
Choice B reason: Lecithin/sphingomyelin [L/S] ratio is a test that measures the amount of two phospholipids in the amniotic fluid. It is used to evaluate the fetal lung maturity and the risk of respiratory distress syndrome. It does not predict chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus.
Choice C reason: Type and crossmatch of maternal and fetal serum is a test that determines the blood type and Rh factor of the mother and the fetus. It is used to identify the risk of hemolytic disease of the newborn due to Rh incompatibility. It does not predict chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus.
Choice D reason: Multiple-marker screening is a test that measures the levels of four substances in the maternal serum: alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, unconjugated estriol, and inhibin A. It is used to estimate the risk of Down syndrome, trisomy 18, and neural tube defects in the fetus.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Eating three larger meals a day is not recommended for hyperemesis gravidarum, as it may increase the nausea and vomiting. Instead, the nurse should advise the woman to eat small, frequent meals throughout the day.
Choice B reason: Ice cream may stay down better than other foods, as it is cold, bland, and soothing. The nurse should encourage the woman to try foods that are appealing to her and avoid foods that trigger nausea.
Choice C reason: Eating what sounds good to the woman even if her meals are not well-balanced is acceptable for hyperemesis gravidarum, as the priority is to maintain hydration and nutrition. The nurse should reassure the woman that she can resume a balanced diet once her symptoms improve.
Choice D reason: Avoiding ginger tea or sweet drinks is not necessary for hyperemesis gravidarum, as some women may find them helpful in reducing nausea. The nurse should suggest the woman to experiment with different beverages and see what works for her.
Choice E reason: Eating a high-protein snack at bedtime is beneficial for hyperemesis gravidarum, as it can prevent low blood sugar levels and morning sickness. The nurse should recommend the woman to have a protein-rich food, such as cheese, yogurt, nuts, or eggs, before going to bed.
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