Which of the following congenital heart diseases require multiple surgeries to correct? (Select All that Apply)

Tetralogy of Fallot

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

Ventricular Septal Defect

Coarctation of the Aorta

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

The congenital heart diseases that often require multiple surgeries to correct are:

A. Tetralogy of Fallot: Tetralogy of Fallot usually requires staged surgical repairs, with multiple surgeries performed over time to address the various components of the defect.

B. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome typically requires a series of staged surgeries, including the Norwood procedure, Glenn procedure, and Fontan procedure, to manage the condition.

E. Coarctation of the Aorta: Coarctation of the aorta may require multiple surgeries or interventions, depending on the severity of the coarctation and the associated cardiovascular abnormalities.

C. Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) and D. Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) usually do not require multiple surgeries for correction. These defects can often be repaired with a single surgical intervention or may close spontaneously without surgery in some cases.

It's important to note that the necessity for multiple surgeries can vary based on the individual patient's condition and the specific anatomical details of the heart defect. Treatment plans are typically tailored to each patient's needs and can include a combination of surgical and medical interventions.

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Correct Answer is ["C"]

Explanation

After a cardiac catheterization procedure, it is essential to restrict activity and keep the affected extremity immobilized to prevent complications such as bleeding and hematoma formation at the catheter insertion site. Encouraging play and activity can increase the risk of disrupting the catheter site or causing bleeding.

The other interventions are generally appropriate after a cardiac catheterization procedure:

A. Putting pressure above the catheter site for first signs of bleeding: This is a standard procedure to monitor for any bleeding at the catheter site and is an appropriate intervention.

B. Regularly check the pulses and temperature of the affected extremity: Monitoring pulses and temperature is important to assess for adequate circulation and early detection of any vascular complications.

D. Encouraging the parents to ambulate with the child 3 hours, or the soonest possible time, after the procedure to prevent blood clots: Early mobilization can help prevent blood clots, and it is generally a recommended intervention following cardiac catheterization.

E. Monitor cardiac function and oxygen saturation: Continuous monitoring of cardiac function and oxygen saturation is crucial to detect any immediate post-procedure complications and ensure the child's cardiovascular stability.

A. Give Benadryl PO and monitor for the next 2 hours B. Recommend symptomatic treatment for the cough C. Tell the mother to call 911 D. Administer CPR to the child

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The symptoms described, including vomiting, coughing, and looking flushed, are concerning for a potentially severe allergic reaction, which can be life-threatening. This could be indicative of anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction that requires immediate medical attention.

Administering CPR (Option D) is not appropriate at this point unless the child becomes unresponsive and stops breathing, which would be a very late sign of anaphylaxis. In such a situation, CPR would be necessary, but the primary focus should be on calling 911 and obtaining immediate medical assistance.

Option A, giving Benadryl, can be part of the treatment for an allergic reaction, but it should not be the first or only action taken in a severe allergic reaction. Immediate medical evaluation and potential administration of epinephrine are more critical.

Option B, recommending symptomatic treatment for the cough, is not appropriate in this situation. The priority is recognizing the potential severity of the allergic reaction and seeking immediate emergency care.

Therefore, the nurse should advise the mother to call 911 to ensure that the child receives prompt medical attention and assessment for anaphylaxis.

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Which of the following congenital heart diseases require multiple surgeries to correct? (Select All that Apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A pediatric nurse is seeing a B-year-old following a post-cardiac catheterization procedure. Which of the following interventions ordered by the physician should be questioned by the nurse? [Select All that Apply)

Correct Answer is ["C"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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