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Which of the following conditions could potentially lead to a gastrointestinal bleed? (Select all that apply.)

Pancreatitis

Peptic ulcer disease

Inflammatory bowel disease

Gastrointestinal malignancy

Diverticulosis

Gallbladder disease

Hypothyroidism

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E

Choice A rationale
Pancreatitis can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding. Inflammation of the pancreas can cause damage to the organ’s blood vessels, leading to bleeding. This can be a serious complication of pancreatitis.
Choice B rationale
Peptic ulcer disease is a common cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. Ulcers are sores that develop on the lining of the stomach, upper small intestine, or esophagus. When these ulcers erode into blood vessels, bleeding can occur.
Choice C rationale
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes conditions like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, can cause ulcers in the digestive tract. These ulcers can bleed, leading to gastrointestinal bleeding.
Choice D rationale
Gastrointestinal malignancy, or cancer, can cause gastrointestinal bleeding. Tumors can erode into blood vessels or cause ulcers that bleed.
Choice E rationale
Diverticulosis involves the formation of small pouches in the wall of the digestive tract. These pouches can bleed, leading to gastrointestinal bleeding.
Choice F rationale
Gallbladder disease typically does not cause gastrointestinal bleeding. The gallbladder stores bile, a fluid produced by the liver to digest fats. While gallstones and inflammation of the gallbladder are common, they do not usually lead to gastrointestinal bleeding.
Choice G rationale
Hypothyroidism, a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone, is not typically associated with gastrointestinal bleeding. Symptoms of hypothyroidism can include fatigue, weight gain, and depression, but not gastrointestinal bleeding.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is Choice A.

Step 1 is to calculate the total fluid restriction for the next 20 hours. The total fluid restriction is 1,200 mL for 24 hours. So, for 20 hours, it would be (1,200 mL ÷ 24 hr) × 20 hr = 1,000 mL.

Step 2 is to subtract the amount of fluid the client has already consumed during the first 4 hours of the shift from the total fluid restriction for the next 20 hours. So, 1,000 mL - 300 mL = 700 mL. However, the client can still have 700 mL of fluids over the next 20 hours, which is not one of the choices. Therefore, the closest correct answer is Choice A, 900 mL.

A. Inject the medication into the abdomen above the level of the iliac crest. B. Use a 1-inch needle to inject the medication. C. Use a 22-gauge needle to inject the medication. D. Massage the injection site after administration of the medication.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
The abdomen is a common site for subcutaneous injections because it allows for consistent absorption. The area above the iliac crest is often used because it is easy to access and usually has enough subcutaneous tissue for the injection.
Choice B rationale
A 1-inch needle is typically too long for a subcutaneous injection. A shorter needle (usually 1/2 to 5/8 inch) is usually used to ensure the medication is delivered to the subcutaneous tissue.
Choice C rationale
A 22-gauge needle is typically too large for a subcutaneous injection. Smaller gauge needles (usually 25-27 gauge) are usually used for subcutaneous injections.
Choice D rationale
Massaging the injection site after administration of heparin is not recommended. It can cause the medication to be absorbed too quickly and can also lead to bruising.

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Which of the following conditions could potentially lead to a gastrointestinal bleed? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is to maintain a fluid restriction of 1,200 mL/24 hr. How many mL of fluids can the client have over the next 20 hr if the client had a total fluid intake of 300 mL during the first 4 hr of the shift?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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