Which of the following clients is at greatest risk for hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS)?
88-year-old person with only Type 2 diabetes.
72-year-old person with Type 2 diabetes & COPD.
33-year old person with Type 1 diabetes.
56-year old person with only Type 2 diabetes.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Older adults, particularly those with Type 2 diabetes, are at increased risk for HHS due to factors such as decreased renal function, polypharmacy, and potential for dehydration. This patient's age and diabetes type make them susceptible, but we need to compare them with other options.
B. COPD can lead to respiratory problems that may further complicate diabetes management. Additionally, older adults with chronic diseases often experience increased stress on their bodies, which can exacerbate hyperglycemia. The combination of age, diabetes, and a chronic respiratory condition increases the risk.
C. While individuals with Type 1 diabetes can experience HHS, it is less common compared to those with Type 2 diabetes. This is primarily because people with Type 1 diabetes are more prone to ketoacidosis rather than HHS, especially if they are managing their insulin properly. Therefore, this individual is at a lower risk for HHS.
D. This patient has Type 2 diabetes but lacks the additional risk factors (like older age or chronic illness) that would significantly elevate their risk for HHS compared to the other options. While they could develop HHS, they are not at the highest risk.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. ACE inhibitors can cause a dry cough in some patients, but this is not typically a severe issue for patients with asthma.
B. These medications do not have a significant impact on respiratory function and are generally safe for patients with asthma.
C. Beta-blockers can constrict the airways, making them less suitable for patients with asthma. They can worsen asthma symptoms, trigger bronchospasm, and reduce the effectiveness of beta-agonist bronchodilators.
D. Thiazide diuretics do not have a significant impact on respiratory function and are generally safe for patients with asthma.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While osteoporosis is characterized by a negative calcium balance, this is not a major complication itself. It's a contributing factor to the condition.
B. Loss of estrogen is a risk factor for osteoporosis, especially in postmenopausal women. However, it's not a complication of the disease itself.
C. Dowager's hump, or kyphosis, is a common symptom of osteoporosis, but it's not a major complication. It's a visible manifestation of the disease.
D. Bone fractures are the major complication of osteoporosis. The weakened bones become more susceptible to fractures, especially in areas like the hip, spine, and wrist.
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