Which of the following cell structures uses energy released by enzymes to recharge adenosine triphosphate molecules?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Lysosome
The Correct Answer is C
a. Endoplasmic reticulum: The ER is involved in protein and lipid synthesis but is not the primary site of ATP synthesis.
b. Ribosome: Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis but do not play a direct role in ATP production.
c. Mitochondria: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell because they generate ATP through cellular respiration. Enzymes in the mitochondria facilitate the release of energy from nutrients, which is then used to recharge ATP molecules.
d. Lysosome: Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris, but they do not produce ATP.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a. Stratum granulosum: This layer is composed of keratinocytes that are in the process of dying and forming a barrier of keratin.
b. Stratum basale: This is the deepest layer of the epidermis, where keratinocytes are actively dividing. This layer contains stem cells that produce new keratinocytes to replace those shed from the surface.
c. Stratum lucidum: This layer is only present in thick skin, such as on the palms and soles, and consists of dead keratinocytes that have a translucent appearance.
d. Stratum spinosum: This layer contains keratinocytes that are beginning to produce keratin and other proteins but are not rapidly dividing.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a. Blood clot formation: This is one of the later stages of hemostasis, involving the formation of a fibrin clot to seal the wound.
b. Platelet aggregation: This occurs after the initial vasoconstriction and is part of the platelet plug formation phase.
c. Activation of prothrombin: This occurs in the coagulation phase where prothrombin is converted to thrombin, leading to the formation of a fibrin clot.
d. Constriction of smooth muscle in blood vessels: This is the first response, known as vascular spasm or vasoconstriction, which reduces blood flow to the area and minimizes blood loss.
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