Which of the following best describes what hormones and hemoglobin are made with?

A. Appear yellow: Yellow skin is often due to jaundice (bilirubin accumulation) or carotene deposits, not keratinization.

B. Are hardened and water-resistant: Keratinization involves the production of keratin, making the epidermis tough and water-resistant to protect against dehydration and external damage.

C. Appear cyanotic: Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration due to hypoxia, not keratinization.

D. Have been replaced by connective tissue: Keratinized epidermal cells are still part of the skin, whereas connective tissue replacement occurs in scarring or wound healing.

A. Formation of large amounts of ATP: Large ATP production occurs in aerobic respiration, not anaerobic metabolism. Lactic acidosis happens when there is a lack of oxygen and insufficient ATP production.

B. Muscle soreness: While lactic acid buildup may contribute to temporary muscle discomfort, muscle soreness alone does not indicate lactic acidosis, which is a systemic condition.

C. Formation of ketone bodies: Ketone bodies are produced during fat metabolism (e.g., in diabetic ketoacidosis), not anaerobic glucose metabolism.

D. Anaerobic breakdown of glucose: When oxygen levels are low, cells undergo anaerobic respiration, converting glucose to lactic acid instead of completely breaking it down through aerobic respiration. This leads to lactic acidosis.