Which medication enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Metformin.

Glipizide.

Insulin glargine.

Acarbose.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Glipizide is a sulfonylurea medication that stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, helping to lower blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication that primarily improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.

c. This choice is incorrect. Insulin glargine is a long-acting basal insulin used in insulin therapy to provide consistent background insulin coverage.

d. This choice is incorrect. Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that delays carbohydrate absorption in the intestines and is used to manage postprandial hyperglycemia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Empagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor that reduces renal glucose reabsorption, leading to increased urinary glucose excretion and improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Metformin primarily improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.

b. This choice is incorrect. Glipizide stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells.

d. This choice is incorrect. Insulin detemir is a long-acting basal insulin used in insulin therapy.

A. It is characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion. B. It primarily affects children and young adults. C. Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion are key factors in its development. D. It is caused by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance, in which cells do not respond effectively to insulin, and impaired insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells.

Incorrect choices:

a. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion as seen in type 1 diabetes.

b. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus primarily affects adults, especially those who are older and have risk factors such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle.

d. This choice is incorrect. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells as seen in type 1 diabetes.

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Which medication enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which medication works by inhibiting the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, leading to increased glucose excretion in the urine, and is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which statement about type 2 diabetes mellitus is accurate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which diagnostic criterion is indicative of diabetes mellitus on a fasting blood glucose test?

Which clinical manifestation is often referred to as the "three P's" of diabetes mellitus?

Which complication of diabetes mellitus is characterized by damage to the blood vessels of the retina, leading to vision impairment and potential blindness?

The nurse is explaining the role of insulin in diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?

The nurse is providing education to a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further clarification?

Which treatment modality involves monitoring blood glucose levels and adjusting insulin doses based on carbohydrate intake, activity level, and current blood glucose levels to achieve tight glycemic control?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Which medication works by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, facilitating glucose uptake by cells, and is commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus?