Which may cause hyperkalemia?
Renal failure
Diarrhea
Blood transfusion
Diaphoresis
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Renal failure can cause hyperkalemia because the kidneys are unable to excrete excess potassium from the body. This can lead to high levels of potassium in the blood, which can affect the heart and muscles.
Choice B reason: Diarrhea can cause hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia, because it can lead to loss of potassium from the gastrointestinal tract. This can result in low levels of potassium in the blood, which can also affect the heart and muscles.
Choice C reason: Blood transfusion can cause hyperkalemia if the blood is old or hemolyzed, meaning that the red blood cells have broken down and released potassium into the plasma. This can increase the potassium levels in the recipient's blood.
Choice D reason: Diaphoresis, or sweating, can cause hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia, because it can lead to loss of potassium from the skin. This can also lower the potassium levels in the blood.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because filtration is a passive transport mechanism that does not require cellular energy. Filtration is the movement of fluid and solutes across a membrane due to hydrostatic pressure.
Choice B reason: This is correct because active transport is a transport mechanism that requires cellular energy in the form of ATP. Active transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient, using carrier proteins.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because diffusion is a passive transport mechanism that does not require cellular energy. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, until equilibrium is reached.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because osmosis is a passive transport mechanism that does not require cellular energy. Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
An isotonic solution is a solution that has the same osmotic pressure as another solution, which means that the solute concentration on both sides of a semipermeable membrane is equal. This causes no net movement of water across the membrane, and the cells remain the same size and shape. An example of an isotonic solution is normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride), which is used to treat dehydration and fluid loss.
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